孵化场微酸性电解水冲洗消毒试验研究.

Regular flusher-disinfection in hatcheries is an important measure to prevent epidemic diseases. However, traditional chemical disinfectants used in hatcheries can cause toxic residue, low disinfection effect and bacterial resistance. In practical production of hatchery, the traditional clean-in-place including three parts: 1) surface of the inside wall of the hatcher, 2) surface of the floor, 3) surface of the hatching basket. The flusher-disinfection durations were set 4 min for the surface of the inside wall of the hatcher and the floor and 40 s for the surface of the hatching basket with traditional chemical disinfectants (povidone-iodine solution or benzalkonium bromide solution) to reduce the number of bacterial microorganisms and maintain good hygiene condition. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW, pH=5.0-6.5) is proved to be a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, low corrosive, residue-free, and environment-friendly disinfectant, which could be a potential alternative disinfection of the traditional chemical disinfectants. Aiming at finding an optimal of using SAEW in cleaning hatcher and reducing cleaning costs, an experiment with three components: bacterial distribution on the surface of the hatching equipment, germicidal efficacy of various disinfectants, and the effect of disinfection time on the sterilizing rate were conducted. Surface swabbing was used to sample the total bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus on the surface of the inside wall, floor, and hatching basket of the hatching equipment. SAEW with the concentrations of 60, 80, and 100 mg/L, as alternative disinfections of flusher disinfection, were chosen to compare with two traditional chemical disinfectants (povidone-iodine solution and benzalkonium bromide solution) by single-factor test. In the study of the effect of disinfection time on the sterilizing rate, disinfection durations were set as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 min for the surface of inside wall and floor, and 10, 20, 30, 40 s for the surface of hatching basket, respectively. high-pressure water jet with nozzle orifice diameter of 2.2 mm operated at 3.5 MPa was used in the whole cleaning process. The results showed that flusher-disinfection using 60-100 mg/L (available chlorine concentration, ACC) slightly acidic electrolytic water could effectively reduce the total bacteria (total aerobic bacteria), Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus on the surface of the inside wall and floor in hatcheries, and the surface of hatching basket. The bactericidal effect increased with the increase of ACC and treatment time. The total bacteria sterilization rates were 93.9% and 85.6% by flusher-disinfection using 100 mg/L SAEW at the duration of 3 min for the surface of the inside walls and floor of hatchers, respectively, which was significantly higher than using 50 mg/L povidone-iodine solution or 50 mg/L benzalkonium bromide solution (P<0.05). Flusher-disinfection using 100 mg/L SAEW for 40 s on the hatching basket surfaces could reach a sterilization rate of 79.6%. The bactericidal effect of flusher-disinfection in hatches could be improved by using SAEW which is also a broad-spectrum and non-residual disinfectant, and flusher-disinfection using SAEW can be an alternative to traditional chemical disinfectants used for disinfection in hatcheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

孵化场出雏器和出雏筐的冲洗消毒是孵化生产的重要环节，该文针对孵化场使用化学消毒剂会导致化学残留、 消毒效果低和病菌微生物耐药性增加等问题，将有效氯质量浓度为60~100 mg/L 微酸性电解水应用于出雏器内壁、地面 和出雏筐的冲洗消毒，并与常规化学消毒剂(50 mg/L 聚维酮碘溶液和50 mg/L 苯扎溴铵溶液)进行冲洗消毒效果对比研 究。结果表明，有效氯质量浓度为60~100 mg/L 的微酸性电解水冲洗消毒可以有效杀灭出雏器内壁、地面和出雏筐表面 的总菌(需氧菌总数)、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌，且杀菌效果随有效氯质量浓度和冲洗消毒时间的增加而提高。有效 氯质量浓度为100 mg/L 的微酸性电解水冲洗消毒3 min 对出雏器内壁和地面总菌的杀菌率分别为93.9%和85.6%，且显 著高于50 mg/L 的聚维酮碘溶液的杀菌率(73.1%和69.6%)和50 mg/L 的苯扎溴铵溶液的杀菌率(76.6%和74.5%)(P < 0.05)；对出雏筐表面冲洗消毒40 s，杀菌率为79.6%。较常规化学消毒剂，微酸性电解水冲洗消毒可显著提高对出雏器 和出雏筐的消毒效果，同时还具有广谱、无残留等优点，是孵化场出雏器和出雏筐表面消毒的良好替代消毒剂。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]