An egalitarian society? Widening inequalities in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases in Australia, 2006-16.
In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Jg. 50 (2021-06-01), Heft 3, S. 783-796
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Background: The recent slowdown in life expectancy increase in Australia has occurred concurrently with widening socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in all-cause mortality risk. We analysed whether, and to what extent, mortality inequalities among specific non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Australia at ages 35-74 years widened during 2006-16. Methods: Registered deaths that occurred during 2006-16 in Australia were analysed. Inequalities were measured by area socioeconomic quintile [ranging from Q1 (lowest) to Q5 (highest)] and remoteness (major cities, inner regional, outer regional/remote/very remote). Age-standardized death rates (ASDR) for 35-74 years were calculated and smoothed over time. Results: NCD mortality inequalities by area socioeconomic quintile widened; the ratio of Q1 to Q5 ASDR for males increased from 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.91-2.01] in 2011 to 2.08 (2.03-2.13) in 2016, and for females from 1.78 (1.73-1.84) to 1.96 (1.90-2.02). Moreover, Q1 NCD ASDRs did not clearly decline from 2011 to 2016. CVD mortality inequalities were wider than for all NCDs. There were particularly large increases in smoking-related mortality inequalities. In 2016, mortality inequalities were especially high for chronic respiratory diseases, alcohol-related causes and diabetes. NCD mortality rates outside major cities were higher than within major cities, and these differences widened during 2006-16. Higher mortality rates in inner regional areas than in major cities were explained by socioeconomic factors. Conclusions: Widening of inequalities in premature mortality rates is a major public health issue in Australia in the context of slowing mortality decline. Inequalities are partly explained by major risk factors for CVDs and NCDs: being overweight or obese, lack of exercise, poor diet and smoking. There is a need for urgent policy responses that consider socioeconomic disadvantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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An egalitarian society? Widening inequalities in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases in Australia, 2006-16.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Adair, Tim ; Lopez, Alan D |
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Zeitschrift: | International Journal of Epidemiology, Jg. 50 (2021-06-01), Heft 3, S. 783-796 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2021 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0300-5771 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1093/ije/dyaa226 |
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