Acute Changes in Pulmonary Function Following Microinstillation Inhalation Exposure to Soman in Nonatropenized Guinea Pigs.
In: International Journal of Toxicology (Sage), Jg. 30 (2011-05-01), Heft 3, S. 348-357
Online
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Zugriff:
Barometric whole-body plethysmography (WBP) was used to examine pulmonary functions at 4 and 24 hours postexposure to soman (GD) in guinea pigs without therapeutics to improve survival. Endotracheal aerosolization by microinstillation was used to administer GD (280, 561, and 841 mg/m3) or saline to anesthetized guinea pigs. Significant increases in respiratory frequency (RF), tidal volume (TV), and minute volume (MV) were observed with 841 mg/m3 GD at 4 hours and that were reduced at 24 hours postexposure. A dose-dependent increase in peak inspiration flow and peak expiration flow was present at 4-hour post-GD exposure that was reduced at 24 hours. Time of inspiration and expiration were decreased in all doses of GD exposure at 4 and 24 hours, with significant inhibition at 841 mg/m3. End-expiratory pause (EEP) increased at 280 and 561 mg/m3, but decreased in animals exposed 841 mg/m3 at 24 hours postexposure. Pseudo-lung resistance (Penh) and pause followed similar patterns and increased at 4 hours, but decreased at 24 hours postexposure to 841 mg/m3 of GD compared to control. These studies indicate GD exposure induces dose-dependent changes in pulmonary function that are significant at 841 mg/m3 at 4 hours and remains 24 hours postexposure. Furthermore, at 4 hours, GD induces bronchoconstriction possibly due to copious airway secretion and ongoing lung injury in addition to cholinergic effects, while at 24 hours GD induces bronchodilation a possible consequence of initial compensatory mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Titel: |
Acute Changes in Pulmonary Function Following Microinstillation Inhalation Exposure to Soman in Nonatropenized Guinea Pigs.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Perkins, Michael W. ; Pierre, Zdenka ; Rezk, Peter ; Song, Jian ; Oguntayo, Samuel ; Sciuto, Alfred M. ; Doctor, Bhupendra P. ; Nambiar, Madhusoodana P. |
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Zeitschrift: | International Journal of Toxicology (Sage), Jg. 30 (2011-05-01), Heft 3, S. 348-357 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2011 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1091-5818 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1177/1091581810397960 |
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