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Titel:	Migrations in Kazakhstan: past and present.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Kendirbaeva, G
Zeitschrift:	Nationalities papers, Jg. 25 (1997), Heft 4, S. 741-51
Veröffentlichung:	Charleston, Ill., Association for the Study of the Nationalities (USSR and East Europe), 1997
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	0090-5992 (print)
DOI:	10.1080/00905999708408538
Schlagwort:	Asia Asia, Western Demography Developed Countries Europe Europe, Eastern Kazakhstan Political Systems Population Population Dynamics Russia Colonialism Emigration and Immigration Research
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Natl Pap] 1997; Vol. 25 (4), pp. 741-51. MeSH Terms: Colonialism* ; Emigration and Immigration* ; Research* ; Asia ; Asia, Western ; Demography ; Developed Countries ; Europe ; Europe, Eastern ; Kazakhstan ; Political Systems ; Population ; Population Dynamics ; Russia Contributed Indexing: Indexing Agency: PIP Local ID #: 136022. Indexing Agency: POP Local ID #: 00281780. ; Keywords: Asia; Colonialism; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Eastern Europe; Europe; Kazakhstan; Migration--history; New Independent States; Political Systems; Population; Population Dynamics; Russia; Summary Report*; Western Asia ; Note: TJ: NATIONALITIES PAPERS ; Local Abstract: [PIP] This article traces the history of migration flows from Russia to Kazakhstan before 1917 to the present. The present problems in the republic stem from the complicated character of migration. Russian migration of Cossacks and peasants began after Russian annexation in 1731. Migration was intense during the Revolution of 1905-07 and the strongest during 1917-91. Records reveal 1.1 million migrants and 5 million total population in 1900. 6.2 million migrated during 1917-91. During 1917-91, migrants in the early years were victims of collectivization (est. 250,000), followed by WWI refugees and migrants from northern provinces fleeing civil war (100,000 persons). During the 1930s, industrial workers were recruited (1.3 million). "Unreliables" were deported during WWII (1.3 million). Forced evacuees from occupied territories settled during 1941-45 (1.45 million). Spontaneous flows occurred during the 1970s (1 million). There were secret military settlements (250,000), labor migrants (200,000), and war and ethnic refugees fleeing national conflicts (50,000) post-WWII. 42% of Kazakhs died from hunger and epidemics, and 33% fled abroad during the early decades of the century. In 1937, population amounted to 2.8 million. Today, about 100 nationalities live in Kazakhstan, although the largest groups are Kazakhs (43.2%) and Russians (36.4%). In 1993, 75.8% of the total work force were non-Kazakh workers. Kazakhs are 60% of rural population, but many are migrating to cities that are dominated by Russians. Growing unemployment fostered tensions with the Chechens and may lead to conflicts with Russians. Entry Date(s): Date Created: 19970101 Date Completed: 19990317 Latest Revision: 20021004 Update Code: 20240513

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Migrations in Kazakhstan: past and present.