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Chlamydia trachomatis is a major cause of sexually transmitted disease worldwide for which an effective vaccine is being actively pursued. Current vaccine efforts will be aided by elucidating the interaction between Chlamydia and dendritic cells (DCs). Protective immunity appears to develop slowly following natural infection in humans, and early vaccine trials using inactivated C. trachomatis resulted in partial, short-lived protection with possible enhanced inflammatory pathology during re-infection. Thus, immunity following natural infection with live chlamydia may differ fundamentally from immune responses induced by immunization with inactivated chlamydia. We explored this conjecture by studying the response of DCs exposed to either viable or inactivated [ultraviolet (UV) -irradiated] chlamydia elementary bodies (EBs; designated as Live-EB and UV-EB, respectively) using Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays. Thirty-one immunologically characterized genes were differentially expressed by DCs following exposure to Live-EB or UV-EB, including two glutamic acid-leucine-arginine cysteine-X-cysteine (ELR CXC) neutrophil chemoattractant chemokines, Cxcl1 (KC), and Cxcl2 (MIP-2). Up-regulation of these genes by Live-EB as compared to UV-EB was verified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and increased chemokine secretion was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay both in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of chlamydia-infected lung tissue confirmed that Live-EB but not UV-EB induced significant DC and neutrophil infiltration during infection. These observations demonstrate that the development of an antichlamydial immune response is dramatically influenced by chlamydial viability. This has implications as to why early inactivated chlamydial vaccines were ineffective and suggests that new vaccine design efforts may benefit from in vitro DC screening for ELR chemokine expression profiles.

Titel:	Genetic profiling of dendritic cells exposed to live- or ultraviolet-irradiated Chlamydia muridarum reveals marked differences in CXC chemokine profiles.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Zaharik, ML ; Nayar, T ; White, R ; Ma, C ; Vallance, BA ; Straka, N ; Jiang, X ; Rey-Ladino, J ; Shen, C ; Brunham, RC
Link:	Volltext (PDF)
Zeitschrift:	Immunology, Jg. 120 (2007-02-01), Heft 2, S. 160-72
Veröffentlichung:	Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2007
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	0019-2805 (print)
DOI:	10.1111/j.1365-2567.2006.02488.x
Schlagwort:	Animals Bacterial Vaccines immunology Cells, Cultured Chlamydia muridarum radiation effects Female Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling methods Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis methods Pneumonia, Bacterial immunology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction methods Vaccines, Inactivated immunology Antigens, Bacterial immunology Chemokines, CXC biosynthesis Chlamydia Infections immunology Chlamydia muridarum immunology Dendritic Cells immunology
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Language: English [Immunology] 2007 Feb; Vol. 120 (2), pp. 160-72. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2006 Oct 31. MeSH Terms: Antigens, Bacterial / immunology ; Chemokines, CXC / biosynthesis ; Chlamydia Infections / immunology ; Chlamydia muridarum / immunology ; Dendritic Cells / *immunology ; Animals ; Bacterial Vaccines / immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chlamydia muridarum / radiation effects ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling / methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / methods ; Pneumonia, Bacterial / immunology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods ; Vaccines, Inactivated / immunology References: Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Mar 15;28(6):1397-406. (PMID: 10684935) ; Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Oct 8;1455(2-3):387-402. (PMID: 10571027) ; Infect Immun. 2000 May;68(5):2870-9. (PMID: 10768984) ; J Infect Dis. 2000 Dec;182(6):1672-7. (PMID: 11069239) ; Immunology. 2000 Dec;101(4):521-30. (PMID: 11122456) ; Immunology. 2004 May;112(1):2-12. (PMID: 15096178) ; J Med Microbiol. 2004 Aug;53(Pt 8):735-40. (PMID: 15272059) ; Am J Ophthalmol. 1967 May;63(5):Suppl:1615-30. (PMID: 4960884) ; Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1972;85:203-11. (PMID: 4573632) ; Annu Rev Microbiol. 1980;34:285-309. (PMID: 7002026) ; Br Med Bull. 1983 Apr;39(2):175-80. (PMID: 6347329) ; J Exp Med. 1992 Dec 1;176(6):1693-702. (PMID: 1460426) ; AIDS. 1993 Jan;7(1):95-102. (PMID: 8442924) ; Infect Immun. 1995 Feb;63(2):389-92. (PMID: 7822001) ; J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1437-44. (PMID: 8648217) ; J Leukoc Biol. 1996 Aug;60(2):207-13. (PMID: 8773582) ; Infect Immun. 1996 Nov;64(11):4830-3. (PMID: 8890246) ; J Clin Invest. 1997 Jan 1;99(1):77-87. (PMID: 9011579) ; Blood. 1997 Aug 1;90(3):909-28. (PMID: 9242519) ; J Exp Med. 1998 Apr 6;187(7):1019-28. (PMID: 9529318) ; J Immunol. 1999 Jan 15;162(2):1010-7. (PMID: 9916727) ; Infect Immun. 1999 Apr;67(4):1763-9. (PMID: 10085016) ; Sex Transm Dis. 1978 Apr-Jun;5(2):73-7. (PMID: 10328037) ; Infect Immun. 2004 Dec;72(12):7231-9. (PMID: 15557648) ; J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2004 Dec;104(12):527-35. (PMID: 15653780) ; Immunology. 2005 Feb;114(2):246-54. (PMID: 15667569) ; Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Feb;5(2):149-61. (PMID: 15688042) ; Infect Immun. 2005 Mar;73(3):1568-77. (PMID: 15731055) ; Infect Immun. 2005 Apr;73(4):2564-7. (PMID: 15784607) ; J Immunol. 2005 Apr 15;174(8):4836-44. (PMID: 15814710) ; J Immunol. 2005 Jun 1;174(11):7186-93. (PMID: 15905563) ; J Immunol. 2005 Jul 15;175(2):874-83. (PMID: 16002685) ; Immunology. 2005 Aug;115(4):462-72. (PMID: 16011515) ; FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2005 Aug 1;45(2):113-20. (PMID: 16051062) ; Blood. 2005 Sep 15;106(6):2033-41. (PMID: 15941911) ; Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2005 Oct;16(4):235-44. (PMID: 16210104) ; J Infect Dis. 2005 Nov 15;192(10):1836-44. (PMID: 16235186) ; J Clin Immunol. 2005 Nov;25(6):551-72. (PMID: 16380819) ; Springer Semin Immunopathol. 2000;22(4):345-69. (PMID: 11155441) ; Cell Microbiol. 2000 Aug;2(4):317-27. (PMID: 11207588) ; Infect Immun. 2001 Jun;69(6):3556-61. (PMID: 11349013) ; J Immunol. 2001 Jun 15;166(12):7033-41. (PMID: 11390447) ; Infect Immun. 2001 Jul;69(7):4667-72. (PMID: 11402013) ; J Immunol. 2001 Aug 1;167(3):1637-43. (PMID: 11466387) ; Infect Immun. 2002 Mar;70(3):1097-105. (PMID: 11854188) ; Infect Immun. 2002 Jun;70(6):2741-51. (PMID: 12010958) ; J Immunol. 2002 Dec 1;169(11):6324-31. (PMID: 12444139) ; Clin Exp Immunol. 2002 Dec;130(3):501-8. (PMID: 12452842) ; Infect Immun. 2003 Jan;71(1):117-25. (PMID: 12496156) ; Trends Microbiol. 2003 Jan;11(1):44-51. (PMID: 12526854) ; Eur J Biochem. 2003 Feb;270(3):440-50. (PMID: 12542694) ; Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Feb;3(2):133-46. (PMID: 12563297) ; Infect Immun. 2003 Jul;71(7):4163-6. (PMID: 12819109) ; Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2004 Apr;98(3-4):193-201. (PMID: 15010228) ; Immunity. 2000 Feb;12(2):121-7. (PMID: 10714678) Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Antigens, Bacterial) ; 0 (Bacterial Vaccines) ; 0 (Chemokines, CXC) ; 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20061101 Date Completed: 20071105 Latest Revision: 20181113 Update Code: 20240513 PubMed Central ID: PMC2265850

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Genetic profiling of dendritic cells exposed to live- or ultraviolet-irradiated Chlamydia muridarum reveals marked differences in CXC chemokine profiles.