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Background: Dietary fat quality and fat replacement are more important for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention than is total dietary fat intake.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the association between total fat intake and fat subtypes with the risk of CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) and cardiovascular and all-cause death. We also examined the hypothetical effect of the isocaloric substitution of one macronutrient for another.

Design: We prospectively studied 7038 participants at high CVD risk from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study. The trial was conducted from 2003 to 2010, but the present analysis was based on an expanded follow-up until 2012. At baseline and yearly thereafter, total and specific fat subtypes were repeatedly measured by using validated food-frequency questionnaires. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models were used.

Results: After 6 y of follow-up, we documented 336 CVD cases and 414 total deaths. HRs (95% CIs) for CVD for those in the highest quintile of total fat, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake compared with those in the lowest quintile were 0.58 (0.39, 0.86), 0.50 (0.31, 0.81), and 0.68 (0.48, 0.96), respectively. In the comparison between extreme quintiles, higher saturated fatty acid (SFA) and trans-fat intakes were associated with 81% (HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.13) and 67% (HR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.57) higher risk of CVD. Inverse associations with all-cause death were also observed for PUFA and MUFA intakes. Isocaloric replacements of SFAs with MUFAs and PUFAs or trans fat with MUFAs were associated with a lower risk of CVD. SFAs from pastries and processed foods were associated with a higher risk of CVD.

Conclusions: Intakes of MUFAs and PUFAs were associated with a lower risk of CVD and death, whereas SFA and trans-fat intakes were associated with a higher risk of CVD. The replacement of SFAs with MUFAs and PUFAs or of trans fat with MUFAs was inversely associated with CVD. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN 35739639.

Titel:	Dietary fat intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Guasch-Ferré, M ; Babio, N ; Martínez-González, MA ; Corella, D ; Ros, E ; Martín-Peláez, S ; Estruch, R ; Arós, F ; Gómez-Gracia, E ; Fiol, M ; Santos-Lozano, JM ; Serra-Majem, L ; Bulló, M ; Toledo, E ; Barragán, R ; Fitó, M ; Gea, A ; Salas-Salvadó, J
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	The American journal of clinical nutrition, Jg. 102 (2015-12-01), Heft 6, S. 1563-73
Veröffentlichung:	2023- : [New York, NY] : Elsevier ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Bethesda, MD : American Society of Clinical Nutrition, 2015
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1938-3207 (electronic)
DOI:	10.3945/ajcn.115.116046
Schlagwort:	Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases etiology Cardiovascular Diseases mortality Cohort Studies Dietary Fats adverse effects Fast Foods adverse effects Female Follow-Up Studies Food, Preserved adverse effects Humans Incidence Male Mortality Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Risk Factors Spain epidemiology Trans Fatty Acids adverse effects Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control Diet, Mediterranean Dietary Fats, Unsaturated therapeutic use Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Fatty Acids, Unsaturated therapeutic use
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Corporate Authors: PREDIMED Study Investigators Publication Type: Journal Article; Observational Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Language: English [Am J Clin Nutr] 2015 Dec; Vol. 102 (6), pp. 1563-73. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2015 Nov 11. MeSH Terms: Diet, Mediterranean* ; Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena* ; Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control ; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / therapeutic use ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / *therapeutic use ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Dietary Fats / adverse effects ; Fast Foods / adverse effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Food, Preserved / adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mortality ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Spain / epidemiology ; Trans Fatty Acids / adverse effects Contributed Indexing: Investigator: B Sanjulian; A Sanchez-Tainta; A Marti; P Buil-Cosiales; M Serrano-Martínez; J Diez-Espino; A García-Arellano; J Basterra-Gortari; EH Martínez-Lapiscina; N Ortuno; N Berrade; V Extremera-Urabayen; C Arroyo-Azpa; JV Telleria; L García-Perez; FC Ugalde; TS Arce; MD Montoy; V López; MT Campo; AU Samper; MV Rubio; BC Beraza; M Serra; A Perez-Heras; C Viñas; R Casas; L de Santamaria; S Romero; JM Baena; M García; M Oller; J Amat; I Duaso; Y García; C Iglesias; C Simon; L Quinzavos; L Parra; M Liroz; J Benavent; J Clos; I Pla; M Amoros; MT Bonet; MT Martin; MS Sanchez; J Altirruba; E Manzano; A Altes; M Cofan; C Valls-Pedret; A Sala-Vila; M Domenech; J Basora; R González; C Molina; F Marquez; P Martínez; N Ibarrola; M Sorli; JG Roselló; A Castro; F Martin; N Tort; A Isach; M Baldrich; JJ Cabre; G Mestres; F Paris; M Llauradó; R Pedret; J Basells; J Vizcaino; J Fernández-Ballart; MI Covas; S Tello; J Vila; R de la Torre; D Munoz-Aguayo; R Elosua; J Marrugat; M Ferrer; P Carrasco; R Osma; M Guillen; P Guillem-Saiz; O Portoles; V Pascual; C Riera; J Valderrama; A Serrano; E Lazaro; A Sanmartin; A Girbes; V Santamaria; C Sanchez; Z Pla; I Salaverria; T del Hierro; J Algorta; S Francisco; A Alonso-Gómez; E Sanz; J Rekondo; MC Belló; A Loma-Osorio; J Wärnberg; RB Pont; MB Alba; R Gomez-Huelgas; J Martínez-González; VV García; J de Diego Salas; AB Osorio; JG Zarzosa; JJ Luque; EV López; JS Perona; EM Romero; M García-García; E Jurado-Ruiz; M García-Valdueza; M Moñino; A Proenza; R Prieto; G Frontera; M Ginard; F Fiol; A Jover; D Romaguera; J García; J Lapetra; M Leal; E Martínez; M Ortega-Calvo; P Roman; FJ García; P Iglesias; Y Corchado; E Mayoral; L Mellado; L Miró; JM Lozano; C Lama; MC López-Sabater; AI Castellote-Bargallo; A Medina-Remon; A Tresserra-Rimbau; J Alvarez-Perez; ED Benitez; IB Castaño; IM Diaz; A Sanchez-Villegas; MJ Férnandez-Rodríguez; FS de la Fe; CS García; IF Sanabria; BM Gutierrez; AJ Santana; E de la Cruz; A Galera; Y Soler; F Trias; I Sarasa; E Padres; E Corbella; C Cabezas; E Vinyoles; MA Rovira; L García; G Flores; JM Verdu; P Baby; A Ramos; L Mengual; P Roura; MC Yuste; A Guarner; A Rovira; MI Santamaria; M Mata; C de Juan; A Brau; JA Tur; MP Portillo; G Saez ; Keywords: PREDIMED study; all-cause death; cardiovascular disease; dietary fat; fat subtypes; saturated fat Molecular Sequence: ISRCTN ISRCTN35739639 Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Dietary Fats) ; 0 (Dietary Fats, Unsaturated) ; 0 (Fatty Acids, Unsaturated) ; 0 (Trans Fatty Acids) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20151113 Date Completed: 20160413 Latest Revision: 20230318 Update Code: 20231215

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Dietary fat intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.