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Background: Both genetic and environmental factors are known to affect body mass index (BMI), but detailed understanding of how their effects differ during childhood and adolescence is lacking.

Objectives: We analyzed the genetic and environmental contributions to BMI variation from infancy to early adulthood and the ways they differ by sex and geographic regions representing high (North America and Australia), moderate (Europe), and low levels (East Asia) of obesogenic environments.

Design: Data were available for 87,782 complete twin pairs from 0.5 to 19.5 y of age from 45 cohorts. Analyses were based on 383,092 BMI measurements. Variation in BMI was decomposed into genetic and environmental components through genetic structural equation modeling.

Results: The variance of BMI increased from 5 y of age along with increasing mean BMI. The proportion of BMI variation explained by additive genetic factors was lowest at 4 y of age in boys (a(2) = 0.42) and girls (a(2) = 0.41) and then generally increased to 0.75 in both sexes at 19 y of age. This was because of a stronger influence of environmental factors shared by co-twins in midchildhood. After 15 y of age, the effect of shared environment was not observed. The sex-specific expression of genetic factors was seen in infancy but was most prominent at 13 y of age and older. The variance of BMI was highest in North America and Australia and lowest in East Asia, but the relative proportion of genetic variation to total variation remained roughly similar across different regions.

Conclusions: Environmental factors shared by co-twins affect BMI in childhood, but little evidence for their contribution was found in late adolescence. Our results suggest that genetic factors play a major role in the variation of BMI in adolescence among populations of different ethnicities exposed to different environmental factors related to obesity.

Titel:	Genetic and environmental effects on body mass index from infancy to the onset of adulthood: an individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) study.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Silventoinen, K ; Jelenkovic, A ; Sund, R ; Hur, YM ; Yokoyama, Y ; Honda, C ; Jv, Hjelmborg ; Möller, S ; Ooki, S ; Aaltonen, S ; Ji, F ; Ning, F ; Pang, Z ; Rebato, E ; Busjahn, A ; Kandler, C ; Saudino, KJ ; Jang, KL ; Cozen, W ; Hwang, AE ; Mack, TM ; Gao, W ; Yu, C ; Li, L ; Corley, RP ; Huibregtse, BM ; Christensen, K ; Skytthe, A ; Kyvik, KO ; Derom, CA ; Vlietinck, RF ; Loos, RJ ; Heikkilä, K ; Wardle, J ; Llewellyn, CH ; Fisher, A ; McAdams, TA ; Eley, TC ; Gregory, AM ; He, M ; Ding, X ; Bjerregaard-Andersen, M ; Beck-Nielsen, H ; Sodemann, M ; Tarnoki, AD ; Tarnoki, DL ; Stazi, MA ; Fagnani, C ; D'Ippolito, C ; Knafo-Noam, A ; Mankuta, D ; Abramson, L ; Burt, SA ; Klump, KL ; Silberg, JL ; Eaves, LJ ; Maes, HH ; Krueger, RF ; McGue, M ; Pahlen, S ; Gatz, M ; Butler, DA ; Bartels, M ; van Beijsterveldt TC ; Craig, JM ; Saffery, R ; Freitas, DL ; Maia, JA ; Dubois, L ; Boivin, M ; Brendgen, M ; Dionne, G ; Vitaro, F ; Martin, NG ; Medland, SE ; Montgomery, GW ; Chong, Y ; Swan, GE ; Krasnow, R ; Magnusson, PK ; Pedersen, NL ; Tynelius, P ; Lichtenstein, P ; Haworth, CM ; Plomin, R ; Bayasgalan, G ; Narandalai, D ; Harden, KP ; Tucker-Drob, EM ; Öncel, SY ; Aliev, F ; Spector, T ; Mangino, M ; Lachance, G ; Baker, LA ; Tuvblad, C ; Duncan, GE ; Buchwald, D ; Willemsen, G ; Rasmussen, F ; Goldberg, JH ; TIa, Sørensen ; Boomsma, DI ; Kaprio, J
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	The American journal of clinical nutrition, Jg. 104 (2016-08-01), Heft 2, S. 371-9
Veröffentlichung:	2023- : [New York, NY] : Elsevier ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Bethesda, MD : American Society of Clinical Nutrition, 2016
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1938-3207 (electronic)
DOI:	10.3945/ajcn.116.130252
Schlagwort:	Adolescent Adult Age Factors Australia Child Child, Preschool Europe Asia, Eastern Female Humans Infant Male North America Obesity ethnology Obesity genetics Sex Factors Young Adult Body Mass Index Environment Gene-Environment Interaction Genetic Variation Obesity etiology Twins, Dizygotic genetics Twins, Monozygotic genetics
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article; Twin Study Language: English [Am J Clin Nutr] 2016 Aug; Vol. 104 (2), pp. 371-9. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2016 Jul 13. MeSH Terms: Body Mass Index* ; Environment* ; Gene-Environment Interaction* ; Genetic Variation* ; Obesity / etiology ; Twins, Dizygotic / genetics ; Twins, Monozygotic / *genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Australia ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Europe ; Asia, Eastern ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; North America ; Obesity / ethnology ; Obesity / genetics ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult Comments: Comment in: Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Aug;104(2):243-4. (PMID: 27413132) References: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2012 Feb 28;3:29. (PMID: 22645519) ; PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e20816. (PMID: 21738588) ; Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Jul;22(7):1756-61. (PMID: 24760426) ; Obes Facts. 2010 Jun;3(3):173-80. (PMID: 20616607) ; Hum Hered. 2013;75(2-4):80-9. (PMID: 24081223) ; Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014 Jan;10 (1):51-61. (PMID: 24247219) ; Twin Res Hum Genet. 2015 Oct;18(5):557-70. (PMID: 26337138) ; Psychometrika. 2011 Apr 1;76(2):306-317. (PMID: 23258944) ; Twin Res Hum Genet. 2015 Aug;18(4):348-60. (PMID: 26014041) ; Nat Genet. 2015 Nov;47(11):1357-62. (PMID: 26366552) ; Int J Epidemiol. 2015 Apr;44(2):700-12. (PMID: 25953783) ; Physiol Behav. 2006 Jul 30;88(4-5):443-7. (PMID: 16750228) ; PLoS Genet. 2011 Feb;7(2):e1001307. (PMID: 21379325) ; Twin Res. 2003 Oct;6(5):409-21. (PMID: 14624725) ; Genes (Basel). 2014 May 05;5(2):347-65. (PMID: 24802513) ; Physiol Behav. 2008 Jan 28;93(1-2):235-42. (PMID: 17897688) ; Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Oct;32(10):1455-67. (PMID: 18779828) ; Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Jan;34(1):29-40. (PMID: 19752881) ; J Nutr. 2008 Dec;138(12 ):2406-12. (PMID: 19022965) ; PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30153. (PMID: 22347368) ; Twin Res Hum Genet. 2015 Oct;18(5):571-80. (PMID: 26379063) ; Int J Obes (Lond). 2009 May;33(5):559-67. (PMID: 19337205) ; Endocr Rev. 2012 Feb;33(1):48-70. (PMID: 22240243) ; Obes Rev. 2010 Feb;11(2):109-17. (PMID: 19493302) ; JAMA. 2014 Feb 26;311(8):806-14. (PMID: 24570244) ; Lancet. 2014 Aug 30;384(9945):766-81. (PMID: 24880830) ; PLoS Med. 2010 May 25;7(5):e1000284. (PMID: 20520848) ; Twin Res. 2003 Oct;6(5):361-76. (PMID: 14624720) ; Nature. 2014 Mar 20;507(7492):371-5. (PMID: 24646999) ; Int J Obes (Lond). 2016 Apr;40(4):654-61. (PMID: 26499446) ; Nature. 2015 Feb 12;518(7538):197-206. (PMID: 25673413) ; PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27135. (PMID: 22087252) Grant Information: T32 DA017637 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; P2C HD042849 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; R21 AG039572 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; G19/2 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; P60 DA011015 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; R01 HD068435 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; R01 MH062375 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS Contributed Indexing: Keywords: BMI; children; genetics; international comparisons; twins Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20160715 Date Completed: 20170531 Latest Revision: 20230318 Update Code: 20231215 PubMed Central ID: PMC4962159

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Genetic and environmental effects on body mass index from infancy to the onset of adulthood: an individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) study.