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Objectives: New user-friendly diagnostic tests for detection of individuals infected by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), the causative pathogen of leprosy, can help guide therapeutic and prophylactic treatment, thus positively contributing to clinical outcome and reduction of transmission. To facilitate point-of-care testing without the presence of phlebotomists, the use of fingerstick blood (FSB) rather than whole blood-derived serum is preferred. This study is a first proof-of-principle validating that previously described rapid serum tests detecting antibodies and cytokines can also be used with FSB.

Methods: Quantitative detection of previously identified biomarkers for leprosy and M. leprae infection, anti-M. leprae PGL-I IgM antibodies (αPGL-I), IP-10 and CRP, was performed with lateral flow (LF) strips utilizing luminescent up-converting reporter particles (UCP) and a portable reader generating unbiased read-outs. Precise amounts of FSB samples were collected using disposable heparinized capillaries. Biomarker levels in paired FSB and serum samples were determined using UCP-LF test strips for leprosy patients and controls in Bangladesh, Brazil, South-Africa and the Netherlands.

Results: Correlations between serum and FSB from the same individuals for αPGL-I, CRP and IP-10 were highly significant (p < .0001) even after FSB samples had been frozen. The αPGL-I FSB test was able to correctly identify all multibacillary leprosy patients presenting a good quantitative correlation with the bacterial index.

Conclusions: Reader-assisted, quantitative UCP-LF tests for the detection of humoral and cellular biomarkers for M. leprae infection, are compatible with FSB. This allows near-patient testing for M. leprae infection and immunomonitoring of treatment without highly trained staff. On site availability of test-result concedes immediate initiation of appropriate counselling and treatment. Alternatively, the UCP-LF format allows frozen storage of FSB samples compatible with deferred testing in central laboratories.

Titel:	Fingerstick test quantifying humoral and cellular biomarkers indicative for M. leprae infection.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Corstjens, PLAM ; van Hooij A ; Tjon Kon Fat, EM ; Alam, K ; Vrolijk, LB ; Dlamini, S ; da Silva MB ; Spencer, JS ; Salgado, CG ; Richardus, JH ; van Hees CLM ; Geluk, A
Zeitschrift:	Clinical biochemistry, Jg. 66 (2019-04-01), S. 76-82
Veröffentlichung:	Tarrytown, NY : Elsevier Science ; <i>Original Publication</i>: [Toronto] Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists., 2019
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1873-2933 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.01.007
Schlagwort:	Acrylic Resins chemistry Animals Antibodies immunology Antigens, Bacterial immunology Biomarkers blood Blood Chemical Analysis instrumentation Female Goats Humans Infrared Rays Male Mice Mycobacterium leprae immunology Nanoparticles chemistry Nanoparticles radiation effects Point-of-Care Testing Antibodies blood Blood Chemical Analysis methods C-Reactive Protein analysis Chemokine CXCL10 blood Leprosy diagnosis
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Clin Biochem] 2019 Apr; Vol. 66, pp. 76-82. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2019 Jan 26. MeSH Terms: Antibodies / blood ; Blood Chemical Analysis / methods ; C-Reactive Protein / analysis ; Chemokine CXCL10 / blood ; Leprosy / *diagnosis ; Acrylic Resins / chemistry ; Animals ; Antibodies / immunology ; Antigens, Bacterial / immunology ; Biomarkers / blood ; Blood Chemical Analysis / instrumentation ; Female ; Goats ; Humans ; Infrared Rays ; Male ; Mice ; Mycobacterium leprae / immunology ; Nanoparticles / chemistry ; Nanoparticles / radiation effects ; Point-of-Care Testing Contributed Indexing: Keywords: CRP; Diagnosis; Fingerstick blood; IP-10; Leprosy; PGL-I; Rapid test; UCP-LFA; Upconverting nanoparticles Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Acrylic Resins) ; 0 (Antibodies) ; 0 (Antigens, Bacterial) ; 0 (Biomarkers) ; 0 (Chemokine CXCL10) ; 4Q93RCW27E (carbopol 940) ; 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20190130 Date Completed: 20190422 Latest Revision: 20190422 Update Code: 20240513

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Fingerstick test quantifying humoral and cellular biomarkers indicative for M. leprae infection.