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Background: In Kazakhstan, cancer is the second leading cause of death with a major public health and economic burden. In the last decade, cancer care and cancer medicine costs have significantly increased. To improve the efficiency and efficacy of cancer care expenditure and planning, the Kazakhstan Ministry of Health requested assistance from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) to review its systemic cancer treatment protocols and essential medicines list and identify high-impact, effective regimens.

Materials and Methods: ESMO developed a four-phase approach to review Kazakhstan cancer treatment protocols: (i) perform a systematic analysis of the country's cancer medicines and treatment protocols; (ii) cross-reference the country's cancer protocols with the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the ESMO-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale and the European Medicines Agency's medicine availability and indications database; (iii) extract treatment recommendations from the ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines; (iv) expert review for all cancer medicines not on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and the country treatment protocols.

Results: This ESMO four-phase approach led to the update of the Kazakhstan national essential cancer medicines list and the list of cancer treatment protocols. This review has led to the withdrawal of several low-value or non-evidence-based medicines and a budget increase for cancer care to include all essential and highly effective medicines and treatment options.

Conclusion: When applied effectively, this four-phase approach can improve access to medicines, efficiency of expenditure and sustainability of cancer systems. The WHO-ESMO collaboration illustrated how, by sharing best practices, tools and resources, we can address access to cancer medicines and positively impact patient care.

Competing Interests: Disclosure EGEdV declares institutional financial support for advisory board/consultancy from Sanofi, Daiichi, Sankyo, NSABP, Pfizer and Merck, and institutional support for clinical trials or contracted research from Amgen, Genentech, Crescendo, Roche, AstraZeneca, Synthon, Nordic Nanovector, G1 Therapeutics, Bayer, Chugai Pharma, CytomX Therapeutics, Servier and Radius Health. AI is a staff member of WHO and AI alone is responsible for the views expressed in this manuscript and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of WHO. The remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Titel:	Prioritising systemic cancer therapies applying ESMO's tools and other resources to assist in improving cancer care globally: the Kazakh experience.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Latino, NJ ; Galotti, M ; Cherny, NI ; de Vries EGE ; Douillard, JY ; Kaidarova, D ; Ilbawi, A
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	ESMO open, Jg. 7 (2022-02-01), Heft 1, S. 100362
Veröffentlichung:	2021 : [London] : Elsevier ; <i>Original Publication</i>: London : BMJ, [2016]-, 2022
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	2059-7029 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100362
Schlagwort:	China Humans Immunotherapy Medical Oncology Neoplasms drug therapy
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Language: English [ESMO Open] 2022 Feb; Vol. 7 (1), pp. 100362. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2022 Jan 31. MeSH Terms: Medical Oncology* ; Neoplasms* / drug therapy ; China ; Humans ; Immunotherapy Comments: Comment in: ESMO Open. 2022 Feb;7(1):100373. (PMID: 35246324) References: Ann Oncol. 2016 Aug;27(8):1525-31. (PMID: 27177860) ; J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jul 20;30(21):2585-92. (PMID: 22689807) ; J Clin Oncol. 2010 Mar 1;28(7):1124-30. (PMID: 20124187) ; N Engl J Med. 2016 Nov 3;375(18):1738-1748. (PMID: 27717303) ; Lancet Oncol. 2015 Jan;16(1):25-35. (PMID: 25524798) ; N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 27;357(26):2666-76. (PMID: 18160686) ; Lancet Oncol. 2013 May;14(6):461-71. (PMID: 23602601) ; Lancet Oncol. 2016 Jun;17(6):791-800. (PMID: 27179402) ; Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jan;13(1):25-32. (PMID: 22153890) ; N Engl J Med. 2012 Jan 12;366(2):109-19. (PMID: 22149875) ; N Engl J Med. 2016 Nov 17;375(20):1925-1936. (PMID: 27959613) ; N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 19;372(8):724-34. (PMID: 25693012) ; N Engl J Med. 2012 Feb 9;366(6):520-9. (PMID: 22149876) ; Lancet Oncol. 2016 Apr;17(4):425-439. (PMID: 26947331) ; N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 28;355(26):2733-43. (PMID: 17192538) ; Lancet. 2011 Mar 12;377(9769):914-23. (PMID: 21376385) ; N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 8;367(19):1783-91. (PMID: 23020162) ; Cancer. 2014 Mar 1;120(5):642-51. (PMID: 24222194) ; Ann Oncol. 2013 Oct;24(10):2630-2635. (PMID: 23868905) ; N Engl J Med. 2005 Oct 20;353(16):1659-72. (PMID: 16236737) ; Ann Oncol. 2017 Oct 1;28(10):2340-2366. (PMID: 28945867) Grant Information: 001 International WHO_ World Health Organization Contributed Indexing: Keywords: ESMO-MCBS; HTA; UHC; WHO; cancer care expenditure; cancer medicines Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20220305 Date Completed: 20220324 Latest Revision: 20220413 Update Code: 20231215 PubMed Central ID: PMC8897160

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Prioritising systemic cancer therapies applying ESMO's tools and other resources to assist in improving cancer care globally: the Kazakh experience.