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Objective: The pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is related to an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine, namely tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). This cytokine plays an important role in the development of ulcer lesions, both in saliva, tissues and blood. This systematic review analyzed the differences of TNF-α in lesions, salivary and blood and can be used as a reliable method of diagnosis for RAS.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus databases, Web of Science, Scielo, Google Scholar and Embase with keywords. The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed the saliva, serum, and RAS lesion, with the outcome reporting the mean of saliva, serum and tissue expression of TNF-α. The risk of bias was also assessed.

Result: Healthy individuals showed significantly lower TNF-α than RAS (SMD = -1.517, 95% CI [-2.25, -0.78]). Although there is a significant difference between sample (i.e., saliva, serum) and detection type (i.e., cytometry bead array, ELISA), both methods can detect a significant difference in TNF-α between healthy individuals and RAS patients.

Conclusions: The TNF-α is a useful diagnostic marker for RAS. We encourage saliva to detect changes in TNF-α during ulceration as it provides accuracy, reliability, and non-invasive procedure compared to a blood draw.

Titel:	The expression of TNF-α in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Surboyo, MDC ; Boedi, RM ; Hariyani, N ; Santosh, ABR ; Manuaba, IBPP ; Cecilia, PH ; Ambarawati, IGAD ; Parmadiati, AE ; Ernawati, DS
Zeitschrift:	Cytokine, Jg. 157 (2022-09-01), S. 155946
Veröffentlichung:	<2001- > : Oxford : Elsevier Science Ltd. ; <i>Original Publication</i>: [Philadelphia, PA] : Saunders Scientific Publications, W.B. Saunders, [c1989-, 2022
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1096-0023 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155946
Schlagwort:	Humans Recurrence Reproducibility of Results Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism Ulcer Stomatitis, Aphthous etiology Stomatitis, Aphthous metabolism
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; Systematic Review Language: English [Cytokine] 2022 Sep; Vol. 157, pp. 155946. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2022 Jun 18. MeSH Terms: Stomatitis, Aphthous* / etiology ; Stomatitis, Aphthous* / metabolism ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism ; Ulcer Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis; Saliva; Serum; TNF-α; Tissue expression Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) SCR Disease Name: Sutton disease 2 Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20220621 Date Completed: 20220809 Latest Revision: 20220928 Update Code: 20240513

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The expression of TNF-α in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.