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Background: Colon-liver metastasis is observed in approximately 50% of patients with colorectal cancer and is a critical risk factor for a low survival rate. Several clinical studies have reported that colon-liver metastasis is accelerated by pathological hepatic microenvironments such as hepatic steatosis or fibrosis. Chunggan syrup (CGX), a standardized 13-herbal mixture, has been prescribed to patients with chronic liver diseases, including fatty liver, inflammation and fibrotic change, based on preclinical and clinical evidence. Aim of the study: In the present study, we investigated anti-liver metastatic the effects of CGX in a murine colon carcinoma (MC38)-splenic injection mouse model. Materials and methods: C57BL/6N mice were administered with CGX (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg) for 14 days before or after MC38-splenic injection under normal and high-fat diet (HFD) fed conditions. Also, above experiment was repeated without MC38-splenic injection to explore underlying mechanism. Results: The number of tumor nodules and liver weight with tumors were sup-pressed by preadministration of CGX in both normal and HFD fed mice. Regarding its mechanisms, we found that CGX administration significantly activated epithelial-cadherin (E-cadherin), but decreased vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) in hepatic tissues under MC38-free conditions. In addition, CGX administration significantly reduced hepatic steatosis, via modulation of lipolytic and lipogenic molecules, including activated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPARα). Conclusion: The present data indicate that CGX exerts an anti-colon-liver metastatic property via modulation of hepatic lipid related microenvironments.

Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Titel:	CGX, a standardized herbal syrup, inhibits colon-liver metastasis by regulating the hepatic microenvironments in a splenic injection mouse model.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Lee, SB ; Hwang, SJ ; Son, CG
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	Frontiers in pharmacology, Jg. 13 (2022-08-29), S. 906752
Veröffentlichung:	[Lausanne : Frontiers Media], 2022
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1663-9812 (print)
DOI:	10.3389/fphar.2022.906752
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Front Pharmacol] 2022 Aug 29; Vol. 13, pp. 906752. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2022 Aug 29 (<i>Print Publication: </i>2022). References: Cancers (Basel). 2019 Nov 05;11(11):. (PMID: 31694274) ; Front Immunol. 2019 May 22;10:1078. (PMID: 31231358) ; Med Sci Monit. 2019 May 13;25:3537-3541. (PMID: 31080234) ; Cancers (Basel). 2021 Dec 09;13(24):. (PMID: 34944826) ; Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2018 Dec;45(13):1985-1987. (PMID: 30692419) ; Mol Cancer. 2017 Dec 02;16(1):176. (PMID: 29197379) ; Ann Oncol. 2015 Mar;26(3):535-41. (PMID: 25515656) ; Cancers (Basel). 2021 May 17;13(10):. (PMID: 34067719) ; Front Oncol. 2021 Mar 09;11:631943. (PMID: 33767997) ; Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020 Mar 12;5(1):28. (PMID: 32296047) ; J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Dec 1;29(12):1331-1335. (PMID: 26959535) ; Front Microbiol. 2020 Nov 13;11:585066. (PMID: 33281780) ; Cancer Res. 2016 Apr 1;76(7):1698-704. (PMID: 26857263) ; Food Sci Biotechnol. 2017 Feb 28;26(1):263-269. (PMID: 30263537) ; Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015 Feb;72(4):645-58. (PMID: 25326769) ; Br J Cancer. 2017 Jan;116(3):356-361. (PMID: 28056463) ; Front Oncol. 2020 Feb 28;10:251. (PMID: 32181157) ; Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Jun;126:110105. (PMID: 32203892) ; Br J Cancer. 1998 Jun;77(11):1857-63. (PMID: 9667659) ; Am J Pathol. 2009 Jul;175(1):355-64. (PMID: 19541928) ; Br J Cancer. 2006 Apr 10;94(7):982-99. (PMID: 16538219) ; Crit Rev Oncog. 2015;20(5-6):449-73. (PMID: 27279241) ; Nat Rev Cancer. 2016 Apr;16(4):201-18. (PMID: 27009393) ; Cancer Res. 2008 May 15;68(10):3645-54. (PMID: 18483246) ; Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 8;12(1):863. (PMID: 33558489) ; Cell Signal. 2009 May;21(5):665-74. (PMID: 19167485) ; World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Nov 14;20(42):15703-14. (PMID: 25400454) ; Lipids Health Dis. 2021 Nov 14;20(1):163. (PMID: 34775964) ; Hum Exp Toxicol. 2013 Dec;32(12):1258-69. (PMID: 23970447) ; Phytother Res. 2013 Dec;27(12):1854-62. (PMID: 23460575) ; JCI Insight. 2020 Sep 3;5(17):. (PMID: 32879136) ; Oncogenesis. 2016 Jan 25;5:e189. (PMID: 26807644) ; Semin Liver Dis. 1993 Feb;13(1):60-71. (PMID: 8446909) ; Clin Cancer Res. 2016 Dec 15;22(24):5971-5982. (PMID: 27797969) ; Endocrine. 2015 Apr;48(3):834-47. (PMID: 25138963) ; Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2020 Apr;47(4):652-654. (PMID: 32389973) ; PLoS One. 2014 Oct 02;9(10):e109748. (PMID: 25275457) ; World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Aug 28;22(32):7215-25. (PMID: 27621569) ; Cancer Med. 2019 Sep;8(12):5574-5576. (PMID: 31397113) ; Thromb Res. 2009 May;124(1):80-3. (PMID: 19136145) ; Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Oct;7(10):737-49. (PMID: 17891189) ; Ann Surg Oncol. 2010 Jun;17(6):1539-45. (PMID: 20135356) ; Br J Cancer. 2016 Jun 28;115(1):34-9. (PMID: 27280634) ; Cell Commun Signal. 2020 Apr 7;18(1):59. (PMID: 32264958) ; Ann Surg Oncol. 2009 Sep;16(9):2645-53. (PMID: 19588204) ; Clin Biochem. 1993 Feb;26(1):39-42. (PMID: 8448837) ; J Surg Res. 2012 Jun 15;175(2):e67-73. (PMID: 22277332) ; Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Jan 21;7(1):6. (PMID: 33479224) ; World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Oct 14;12(38):6142-8. (PMID: 17036385) ; Nutrients. 2020 Aug 13;12(8):. (PMID: 32823613) ; Cell Rep. 2014 Sep 11;8(5):1558-70. (PMID: 25176655) Contributed Indexing: Keywords: chuggan syrup (CGX); colon-liver metastasis; hepatic microenvironment; hepatic steatosis; herbal medicine Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20220915 Latest Revision: 20220917 Update Code: 20240513 PubMed Central ID: PMC9465806

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CGX, a standardized herbal syrup, inhibits colon-liver metastasis by regulating the hepatic microenvironments in a splenic injection mouse model.