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Introduction: The periodontium is a connective tissue which consists of periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, cementum and gingiva. Periodontal ligament (PDL) is a specialized connective tissue that connects the cementum - coating the surface of the tooth - to the alveolar bone. Mohawk homeobox (Mkx ) is a transcription factor that is expressed in PDL, that is known to play a vital role in the development and homeostasis of PDL. A detailed functional analysis of Mkx in the periodontal ligament for alveolar bone and cementum metabolism has not yet been conducted.

Materials and Methods: Alveolar bone height, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fractions (Bone volume/Total volume: BV/TV) were measured and analyzed using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and 3DBon on 7-week-old male wild-type (WT) ( Mkx +/+ ) (n = 10) and Mkx -knockout ( Mkx -/- ) (n = 6) rats. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Masson Trichrome staining were performed on 5, 6, and 7-week-old Mkx +/+ and Mkx -/- rats. Cementum surface area and the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts/mm were quantified, measured, and compared for 5,6 and 7-week-old Mkx +/+ and Mkx -/- rats (n = 3 each).

Results: The level of alveolar bone height was significantly higher in Mkx -/- rats than in Mkx +/+ rats. On the other hand, there was significantly less BMD in Mkx -/- alveolar bone. A significant increase in cellular cementum could be observed as early as 5 weeks in Mkx -/- rats when compared with Mkx +/+ rats of the same age. More TRAP-positive osteoclasts were observed in Mkx -/- rats.

Conclusion: Our findings further reveal the essential roles of Mkx in the homeostasis of the periodontal tissue. Mkx was found to contribute to bone and cementum metabolism and may be essential to the prevention of diseases such as periodontitis, and could show potential in regenerative treatments.

Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Titel:	The essential role of Mkx in periodontal ligament on the metabolism of alveolar bone and cementum.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Yagasaki, L ; Chiba, T ; Kurimoto, R ; Nakajima, M ; Iwata, T ; Asahara, H
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext)
Zeitschrift:	Regenerative therapy, Jg. 25 (2023-12-29), S. 186-193
Veröffentlichung:	[Amsterdam] : The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Production and Hosting by Elsevier B.V., [2015]-, 2023
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	2352-3204 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1016/j.reth.2023.12.007
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Regen Ther] 2023 Dec 29; Vol. 25, pp. 186-193. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2023 Dec 29 (<i>Print Publication: </i>2024). References: Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Feb 04;10:795441. (PMID: 35186919) ; Arch Oral Biol. 2002 Dec;47(12):843-9. (PMID: 12450515) ; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Sep 29;95(20):11846-51. (PMID: 9751753) ; J Immunol Methods. 2013 Aug 30;394(1-2):49-54. (PMID: 23672778) ; Endocrinology. 1975 Aug;97(2):283-9. (PMID: 1157752) ; Periodontol 2000. 1997 Feb;13:41-75. (PMID: 9567923) ; Nat Commun. 2016 Apr 12;7:11277. (PMID: 27068606) ; J Dent Res. 2016 Jul;95(7):734-41. (PMID: 27029548) ; Periodontol 2000. 2003;32:111-7. (PMID: 12756037) ; Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2015 Apr;17(2):307-13. (PMID: 23837565) ; Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2016 Aug;52(3):63-74. (PMID: 28408958) ; Behav Res Methods. 2009 Nov;41(4):1149-60. (PMID: 19897823) ; Periodontol 2000. 1997 Feb;13:20-40. (PMID: 9567922) ; J Bone Miner Metab. 2021 Sep;39(5):780-786. (PMID: 33988755) ; Development. 2017 Feb 1;144(3):374-384. (PMID: 28143844) ; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 12;113(28):7840-5. (PMID: 27370800) ; Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 Jun;17(6):336-349. (PMID: 33948016) ; J Cell Sci. 2003 May 1;116(Pt 9):1647-8. (PMID: 12665545) ; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jun 8;107(23):10538-42. (PMID: 20498044) ; Anat Rec. 1996 Jun;245(2):327-41. (PMID: 8769671) ; Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Apr;1068:429-46. (PMID: 16831941) ; J Oral Biosci. 2020 Dec;62(4):299-305. (PMID: 32882366) ; Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 16;23(10):. (PMID: 35628348) ; Development. 2017 Jan 15;144(2):313-320. (PMID: 27993989) Grant Information: R01 AR080127 United States AR NIAMS NIH HHS Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Cementum; Knockout rat; Mohawk homeobox (Mkx); Ossification; Periodontal ligament (PDL) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20240117 Latest Revision: 20240210 Update Code: 20240210 PubMed Central ID: PMC10789938

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The essential role of Mkx in periodontal ligament on the metabolism of alveolar bone and cementum.