Near-infrared spectroscopy as an analytical tool for the biorefinery
2022
Hochschulschrift
Zugriff:
Transforming from fossil fuel to renewable resources is essential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. Biorefineries produce fuel and chemicals from biomass resources and use biowaste as a resource. It plays a significant role in this transformation. Some processes in the biorefineries need to be controlled in a greener way rather than using conventional analysis such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Although they provide accurate results, they employ solvents, produce waste, and require highly qualified labour and time. In this project, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with a fibre-optics probe was used to analyse the conversion in chemical reactions in real-time, detect chemicals in mixtures in different ratios, identify particle size for solid sucrose samples, and measure the moisture contents in sawdust. NIRS provides instant results during the chemical conversion process offering a greener approach to the current standard analytical techniques. A fibre-optics probe controlled the real-time conversion of Levoglucosenone (LGO) to its triol form in an aqueous solution. The results were consistent with NMR, Mid-Infrared (MIR) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic techniques. Investigation of OH 1st overtone of an aqueous solution of LGO has revealed that LGO has a negligible effect on the water selfassociation below 60 °C. Above this temperature, the enthalpy change (?H) increased to more than double the value. During this investigation, it was found that Monohydroxy Cyrene (MHC) is produced from LGO in high yield, resulting in 98 % purity after purification using column chromatography. The MHC was characterised by NMR, IR, UV-Vis, CHN, GC, Mass Spectrometry (MS), Simultaneous Thermal Analysis (STA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analytical methods. All these analytical results fit together to provide an accurate product picture.
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Near-infrared spectroscopy as an analytical tool for the biorefinery
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Almuqhim, Majed |
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Veröffentlichung: | 2022 |
Medientyp: | Hochschulschrift |
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