Glyoxal and Methylglyoxal as E-cigarette Vapor Ingredients-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine and Mucins Expression in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells.
In: American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, Jg. 35 (2021-03-01), Heft 2, S. 213-220
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Zugriff:
Background: Glyoxal (GO), and methylglyoxal (MGO) are among the most toxic compounds emitted by electronic cigarette (E-cig) and regular tobacco cigarette smoke. Airway diseases presented mucus over production as their major pathophysiologic feature. However, the effects of GO and MGO on pro-inflammatory cytokines and mucin expression in human nasal epithelial cells, as well as the underlying signaling pathway, have not yet been studied. Objective: This study is to determine whether GO and MGO induce pro-inflammatory cytokines, and MUC5AC/5B expression via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)s and nuclear factor-kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Methods: The effect of GO, and MGO on pro-inflammatory cytokines, mucins expression and the signalling pathway of GO and MGO were investigated using water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1, enzyme immunoassays, and immunoblot analysis with specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA. Results: GO and MGO did not affect cell viability up to 2 mM in human nasal epithelial cells. GO and MGO increased production of pro-inflammatory such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) and MUC5AC/5B. Additionally, GO and MGO significantly activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAPK, and NF-κB. Whether ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathway were involved in GO and MGO-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and MUC5AC/5B, we used specific inhibitors and siRNA transfection. These significantly repressed GO- and MGO-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and MUC5AC/5B. Conclusions: GO and MGO induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and MUC5AC/5B expression via ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB in human nasal epithelial cells. These results suggested that GO and MGO may be involved in mucus hypersecretion-related airway diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Titel: |
Glyoxal and Methylglyoxal as E-cigarette Vapor Ingredients-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine and Mucins Expression in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Kwak, Soyoung ; Choi, Yoon Seok ; Na, Hyung Gyun ; Bae, Chang Hoon ; Song, Si-Youn ; Kim, Yong-Dae |
Zeitschrift: | American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, Jg. 35 (2021-03-01), Heft 2, S. 213-220 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2021 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1945-8924 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1177/1945892420946968 |
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