Dampening type 2 properties of group 2 innate lymphoid cells by a gammaherpesvirus infection reprograms alveolar macrophages.
In: Science Immunology, Jg. 8 (2023-02-01), Heft 80, S. 1-19
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Immunological dysregulation in asthma is associated with changes in exposure to microorganisms early in life. Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs), such as Epstein-Barr virus, are widespread human viruses that establish lifelong infection and profoundly shape host immunity. Using murid herpesvirus 4 (MuHV-4), a mouse γHV, we show that after infection, lung-resident and recruited group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exhibit a reduced ability to expand and produce type 2 cytokines in response to house dust mites, thereby contributing to protection against asthma. In contrast, MuHV-4 infection triggers GM-CSF production by those lung ILC2s, which orders the differentiation of monocytes (Mos) into alveolar macrophages (AMs) without promoting their type 2 functions. In the context of γHV infection, ILC2s are therefore essential cells within the pulmonary niche that imprint the tissue-specific identity of Mo-derived AMs and shape their function well beyond the initial acute infection. Virus-trained ILC2s protect against asthma: The development of asthma is impacted by numerous environmental exposures including prior viral infections, but how specific viruses impact subsequent susceptibility to airway allergy remains unclear. Studying mice infected with the murine gammaherpesvirus (γHV) MuHV-4, Loos et al. demonstrate that functional reprogramming of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) underlies the reduced susceptibility of γHV-infected mice to subsequent airway allergy induced by house dust mite exposure. Reduced airway inflammation following γHV infection required ILC2s, which produced GM-CSF and stimulated alveolar macrophage differentiation without promoting type 2 inflammation. These results identify ILC2s as regulators of lung immune homeostasis following γHV infection. —CO [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Titel: |
Dampening type 2 properties of group 2 innate lymphoid cells by a gammaherpesvirus infection reprograms alveolar macrophages.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Loos, Pauline ; Baiwir, Jérôme ; Maquet, Céline ; Javaux, Justine ; Sandor, Rémy ; Lallemand, François ; Marichal, Thomas ; Machiels, Bénédicte ; Gillet, Laurent |
Zeitschrift: | Science Immunology, Jg. 8 (2023-02-01), Heft 80, S. 1-19 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2023 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 2470-9468 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9041 |
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