COMPARISON BIOCHEMICAL OF THE DESCENDANTS RESULTING FROM FIVE BACK CROSS-COUNTRY RACE GENERATIONS AND THEIR INHERITANCE OF DURUM WHEAT CROSSES

This study was carried out to compare, on the basis of some biochemical nature, five generations of backcrossing resulting from six crosses between four varieties of durum wheat (M, W, S and P) as three crosses MxW, MxS, and PxW along with their reciprocals WxM, SxM, and WxP. A sufficient knowledge of the biochemical characteristics of the grain and their genetic transmissions, allows their use in selection. These characteristics can be used as criteria for selection of seeds for more judicious orientation. From the obtained results, a relative variability appeared at the various varieties and their descendants for the studied parameters (the weight of thousand grains, content of protein, moisture content, the volume of sedimentation and capacity of hydration of the gluten). Generally, the studied samples are relatively rich in proteins. The descendants of cross MxW have on average a significant volume of sedimentation, they can be used for wheat improving. For the moisture content, cross MxW records the greatest value with a more significant descendants BC5. With regard to the polymorphism of the glutenines, some bands were transmitted by the recurrent parent varieties used as female parents.