Stimulation for Return of Function after Stroke
Elsevier, 2009
Online
unknown
Zugriff:
Publisher Summary Stroke is the leading cause of disability or activity limitation among older adults in the United States. Hemiparesis or motor impairment of one side of the body is a major consequence of stroke, which is associated with significant activities limitation and reduction of quality of life. This chapter reviews the clinical uses of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to mitigate the effects of motor impairment following stroke. NMES refers to the electrical stimulation of an intact lower motor neuron (LMN) to contract paralyzed or paretic muscles. Clinical applications of NMES in stroke rehabilitation provide either a therapeutic or functional benefit. Therapeutic applications of NMES produces specific effects that may enhance function, but not directly provide function. NMES can provide repetitive movement training for motor relearning and can be used for the treatment of poststroke shoulder pain. Functional applications include the development of upper and lower limb neuroprostheses for self-care tasks and mobility, respectively. The development of hand neuroprostheses for persons with hemiplegia is in its infancy and must await further technical and scientific developments if it is to be applicable to the broader stroke population. There are several general contraindications that are relevant to all NMES applications. Absolute contraindications include demand pacemakers, implanted defibrillators, and severely impaired cognition. NMES should be applied to individuals with insensate skin with caution and frequent monitoring for electrical burns. Other frequently cited contraindications include cardiac arrhythmias and seizure disorders.
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Stimulation for Return of Function after Stroke
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Knutson, Jayme S. ; Sheffler, Lynne R. ; Chae, John |
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Veröffentlichung: | Elsevier, 2009 |
Medientyp: | unknown |
DOI: | 10.1016/b978-0-12-374248-3.00061-6 |
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