Large-Scale Power Combining and Mixed-Signal Linearizing Architectures for Watt-Class mmWave CMOS Power Amplifiers
In: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Jg. 63 (2015-02-01), S. 703-718
Online
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Zugriff:
Millimeter wave (mmWave) CMOS power amplifiers (PAs) have traditionally been limited in output power due to the low breakdown voltage of scaled CMOS technologies and poor quality of on-chip passives. Moreover, high data-rates and efficient spectrum utilization demand highly linear PAs with high efficiency under back-off. A novel linearizing architecture which simultaneously employs large-scale power combining, linearization through dynamic load modulation, and improved efficiency under back-off by supply-switching and load modulation is introduced. A quarter-wave combiner that exploits lumped spiral inductor equivalents of quarter-wave transmission lines with higher characteristic impedance enables one-step, low-loss, eight-way combining with a measured efficiency of 75% at 45 GHz. Eight-way combining of stacked SOI CMOS PAs results in a PA array with watt-class ( $>$ 27 dBm) saturated output power (3 $\times $ higher than prior art) and ultra-wideband operation (33–46 GHz) in 45 nm SOI CMOS. Another 45 nm SOI CMOS prototype, a three-bit digital to mmWave PA array, utilizing the proposed linearizing architecture achieves 23.3 dBm of saturated output power at 42.5 GHz, PAE –6dB /PAE peak = 67.7% as well as excellent linearity (DNL $ 0.5 LSB} and INL $ 1 LSB using end-point fit).
Titel: |
Large-Scale Power Combining and Mixed-Signal Linearizing Architectures for Watt-Class mmWave CMOS Power Amplifiers
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Bhat, Ritesh ; Chakrabarti, Anandaroop ; Krishnaswamy, Harish |
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Zeitschrift: | IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Jg. 63 (2015-02-01), S. 703-718 |
Veröffentlichung: | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015 |
Medientyp: | unknown |
ISSN: | 1557-9670 (print) ; 0018-9480 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1109/tmtt.2014.2387055 |
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