Translation of the rat thoracic contusion model; part 1—supraspinally versus spinally mediated pain-like responses and spasticity
In: Spinal Cord, Jg. 52 (2014-05-13), S. 524-528
Online
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Zugriff:
Study design: Experimental animal study.Objectives: Stimulus-evoked below-level paw withdrawals in animal models of spinal cord injury (SCI) can be mediated solely by below-level spinal cord reflexes. Interpreting lowered thresholds for such responses as a model for chronic below-level pain after (thoracic contusion) SCI appears not appropriate, which requires reinterpretation of many prior results. However, how to reinterpret the changes in withdrawal thresholds and what can be a better alternative for pain/sensory assessments remains unclear.Setting: University of California, San Diego.Methods: We introduce a method using supraspinally mediated escape responses to assess pain-like sensitivity thresholds on a continuous/linear scale. To further understand the decrease in hindpaw withdrawal thresholds, we investigated whether they may be interpreted as spasticity.Results:The escape response test can be used to assess SCI-induced changes in below-level sensory thresholds. These thresholds were found to increase soon after moderate or severe SCI, while, in parallel, hindpaw withdrawal thresholds decreased. However, the latter did not co-occur with spasticity, suggesting that SCI-induced increased withdrawal responses are probably best interpreted as a form of hyperreflexia with pathophysiological analogies of spasms and/or clonus, or a species-specific phenomenon.Conclusion:Decreased below-level withdrawal thresholds do not reflect pain-like hypersensitivity in rodent models of (thoracic contusion) SCI. A large body of previous preclinical SCI pain research needs reinterpretation. We actually found below-level thermal and mechanical hypoesthesia and we also excluded a relation between withdrawal hyperreflexia and spasticity. Withdrawal hyperreflexia might still prove useful to model spasms or clonus, which are, like hypoesthesia, also significant clinical problems after SCI. © 2014 International Spinal Cord Society.
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Translation of the rat thoracic contusion model; part 1—supraspinally versus spinally mediated pain-like responses and spasticity
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Marsala, Martin ; S. van Gorp ; Deumens, Ronald ; Leerink, Marjolein ; Elbert A.J. Joosten ; Nguyen, S. ; Promovendi, MHN ; Anesthesiologie ; MUMC+: MA Anesthesiologie (9) ; RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience |
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Zeitschrift: | Spinal Cord, Jg. 52 (2014-05-13), S. 524-528 |
Veröffentlichung: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2014 |
Medientyp: | unknown |
ISSN: | 1476-5624 (print) ; 1362-4393 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1038/sc.2014.72 |
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