Regional and socioeconomic disparities in cardiovascular disease in Canada during 2005–2016: evidence from repeated nationwide cross-sectional surveys

IntroductionThe objective of this study is to examine the temporal trends and patterns of regional and socioeconomic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Canada during 2005–2016.MethodsA total of 670 000 adults aged ≥20 years who participated in the Canadian Community Health Surveys between 2005 and 2016 were enrolled for this study. CVD referred to heart disease and stroke in this study. Equivalised household income was used as a proxy of socioeconomic status. Absolute and relative socioeconomic inequalities were measured by slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII), respectively.ResultsIn 2015/2016, the overall age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of heart disease and stroke was 4.80% (95% CI 4.61% to 4.98%) and 1.25% (95% CI 1.13% to 1.36%), respectively. Trend analyses suggested a significant decline in the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of heart disease (P for trend ConclusionGeographical and socioeconomic disparities should be taken into account during the further efforts to strengthen preventive measures and optimise healthcare resources for heart disease and stroke in Canada.