Research of Antibiotic Residues and Bacterial Strain’s Antibiotic Resistance Profile in the Liquid Effluents Evacuated in Nature by Two CHUs and a Mixed WWTP of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Ganamé Abasse Ouédraogo,1,2 Hama Cissé,1 Henri Sidabéwindin Ouédraogo,1 Boukaré Kaboré,1 Roukiatou Traoré,1 Yves Traoré,1 Ismael Henri Nestor Bassolé,3 François Tchoumbougnang,2 Aly Savadogo1 1Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquées (LaBIA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; 2Institut des Sciences Halieutiques (ISH) à Yabassi, Université de Douala, Douala, Cameroun; 3Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire, d’épidémiologie et de surveillance des bactéries et virus transmis par les aliments (LaBESTA), Université Joseph Ki-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoCorrespondence: Aly Savadogo, Tel +226 70356227, Email alysavadogo@gmail.comBackground: In Burkina Faso, suspicions have been raised that hospital liquid effluents are a source of microbiological contaminants in surface waters of urban and peri-urban areas. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic residues and the antibiotic resistance phenotype of potential pathogenic bacteria in the hospital liquid effluents discharged into nature by the CHUs Bogodogo, Yalgado Ouédraogo and the WWTS of Kossodo.Methods: Fifteen samples of liquid effluents discharged into nature were collected. Antibiotic residues were identified by HPLC. A wavelength of 254 nm for the UV detector was set. Antibiotic testing was realized according to CASFM 2019 recommendations.Results: Three molecules including Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol and Ceftriaxone were detected in 13 samples. The strains characterized were 06 E. coli, 09 Pseudomonas spp, 05 Staphylococcus aureus and 04 Salmonella spp. Thus, none of the strains was resistant to Imipenem, but they were resistant to Amoxiclav with rates of 83.33% (E. coli), 88.88% (Pseudomonas spp) and 100% (Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp).Conclusion: Ouagadougou hospital liquid effluents discharged into nature are contaminated with antibiotic residues and potential pathogenic bacteria.Keywords: wastewater, antibiotics residues, antibiotics resistance, Ouagadougou