Oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions and malignant transformation : Study of prognostic factors in the Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery Oran University Hospital Center. ; Lichen plan buccal, lésions lichénoïdes buccales et dégénérescence maligne : Etude des facteurs pronostiques au Service de Pathologie et de Chirurgie Buccales CHU Oran.

Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions is still controversial despite the numerous studies that have been published worldwide. The frequency of malignant transformation ranges from 0% to 5.3% [Ismail et al. 2007].The aim of our study was to describe the prognostic factors associated with the occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma on a mucosal lesion of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions in a population of Western Algeria. This is a prospective study conducted from February 2003 to the end of July 2015 at the Department of Pathology and Oral Surgery at the Hospital University Center of Oran. A total of seventy-one patients with a clinical and biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of oral lichen planus / oral lichenoid lesions were followed-up. Eighteen were men and 53 women, with a sex ratio of 1: 2.94. Ages at diagnosis of oral lichen planus/oral lichenoid lesions varied from 07 to 80 years; the mean age was 54.58 years. Fifty-nine patients had isolated oral lichen planus / oral lichenoid lesion including 15 men and 44 women. Twelve patients had oral lichen planus/oral lichenoid lesions associated with cutaneous and/or genital lichen planus. Forty patients had one or more associated comorbidity. The mean follow-up time of the studied population was 59.97 months. Seven patients (9.86%) in all 71 developed an oral squamous cell carcinoma on oral lichen planus/oral lichenoid lesions including two men and five women with a sex ratio of 1: 2.5. The mean age of this affected subgroup was 64.71 years. In four patients, oral squamous cell carcinoma was synchronous with oral lichen planus/oral lichenoid lesions. Tobacco and alcohol consumption was found in one patient. A metachronous oral squamous cell carcinoma occurred on one patient after twelve months. The carcinoma was located in the left cheek in three patients, in the tongue in three patients and in the gum in a patient. Four patients died from complications of their oral cancer. The prognostic factors appear to be sex, age, ...