Supplementary information.

Fig A. Imbalance between studies of sexual selection in males and females. Fig B. Methodological predictors of female Bateman gradients. Fig C. Egger’s regression. Fig D. Phylogenetic tree of all sampled species. Fig E. Significance of the used effect size. Table A. Global tests of sexual selection in females using restricted maximum likelihood REML approach. Table B. Comparison of Bateman gradients among major taxonomic groups. Table C. Predictors of interspecific variation in female Bateman gradients using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) approach. Table D. Estimates of polyandry and mating system classification (low-polyandry versus high-polyandry). Table E. Global tests of sexual selection in females excluding sex-role reversed species. Table F. Determinants of sexual selection in females excluding sex-role reversed species. Table G. Global tests of sexual selection in females excluding humans. Table H. Determinants of sexual selection in females excluding humans. (PDF)