Vitamin E Analog Trolox Attenuates MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Mice, Mitigating Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Motor Impairment
In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 12, p 9942 (2023, Jg. 24 (2023), Heft 12, p 9942
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Zugriff:
Trolox is a potent antioxidant and a water-soluble analog of vitamin E. It has been used in scientific studies to examine oxidative stress and its impact on biological systems. Trolox has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect against ischemia and IL-1β-mediated neurodegeneration. In this study, we investigated the potential protective mechanisms of Trolox against a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson’s disease mouse model. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and ROS/LPO assays were performed to investigate the role of trolox against neuroinflammation, the oxidative stress mediated by MPTP in the Parkinson’s disease (PD) mouse model (wild-type mice (C57BL/6N), eight weeks old, average body weight 25–30 g). Our study showed that MPTP increased the expression of α-synuclein, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) levels in the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and impaired motor function. However, Trolox treatment significantly reversed these PD-like pathologies. Furthermore, Trolox treatment reduced oxidative stress by increasing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Lastly, Trolox treatment inhibited the activated astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Iba-1), also reducing phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB, (p-NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the PD mouse brain. Overall, our study demonstrated that Trolox may exert neuroprotection on dopaminergic neurons against MPTP-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, motor dysfunction, and neurodegeneration.
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Vitamin E Analog Trolox Attenuates MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Mice, Mitigating Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Motor Impairment
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Atiq, Abubakar ; Hyeon Jin Lee ; Khan, Amjad ; Min Hwa Kang ; Inayat Ur Rehman ; Ahmad, Riaz ; Tahir, Muhammad ; Ali, Jawad ; Choe, Kyonghwan ; Jun Sung Park ; Myeong Ok Kim |
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Zeitschrift: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 12, p 9942 (2023, Jg. 24 (2023), Heft 12, p 9942 |
Veröffentlichung: | MDPI AG, 2023 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1422-0067 (print) ; 1661-6596 (print) |
DOI: | 10.3390/ijms24129942 |
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