Ziya Gökalp (1876-1924)’in Din ve Tasavvuf Anlayışı / The Understanding of Religion and Tasawwuf in Ziya Gokalp

In this paper, we dealt separately with the days that Ziya Gökalp spent in Diyarbakır and Thessaloniki considering that a thought is made up in a social environment. That is because his social environment in Diyarbakır which is called Thessaloniki of Anatolia and that of Thessaloniki titled as Kaaba of freedom are quite different. Thus, his views on religion and tasawwuf changed to a large degree. In his Diyarbakır days, he was affected by Doctor Yorgi Efendi, his teacher in Junior School, his uncle Hasip Efendi, Dr. Abdullah Cevdet as well as Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi that he defined him as the biggest philosopher. Even he was stuck in their approaches. He found out in Thessaloniki the sociology of Durkheim. Then, he followed Durkheim’s point of view very passionately and accepted it as his guide in many subjects and reshaped his opinions to accord with Durkheims’ views. In this context, it would be suitable to make comparison between his two articles titled İcmâ-ı Siyâsi İ’tizâl-i Siyâsi that he wrote and Yeni Hayat ve Yeni Kıymetler that he wrote them in Diyarbakır and Thessaloniki respectively in order to detect the difference between both periods of him. Öz Bu çalışmada, düşüncenin sosyal çevrede şekillendiği göz önünde bulundurularak Ziya Gökalp’in Diyarbakır ve Selanik günleri ayrı ayrı ele alınmıştır. Zira onun, Anadolu’nun Selanik’i diye isimlendirilen Diyarbakır’daki sosyal çevresi ile Kâbe-i Hürriyet olarak adlandırılan Selanik’teki sosyal çevresi birbirinden farklılık arz eder. Bu bağlamda din ve tasavvuf düşüncesinde de değişim söz konusu olacaktır. Diyarbakır döneminde idadîdeki hocası Doktor Yorgi Efendi’den, amcası Hasip Efendi’den, Doktor Abdullah Cevdet’ten, tasavvuf filozoflarının en büyüğü olarak nitelendirdiği mutasavvıf Muhyiddin İbnü’l-Arabî’den etkilenen, hatta onların düşünceleri arasında sıkışıp kalan Gökalp, Selanik’te Durkheim sosyolojisiyle tanışmıştır. Bundan sonra birçok konuda Durkheim’i kendisine rehber alacak, daha önceki fikirlerini onun düşünceleri istikametinde yeniden ...