Lietuvos pastatų šiluminio renovavimo mikroekonominis tikslingumas ; Mikroeconomic expediency of thermal renovation of buildings in Lithuania

The article points out that energy consumption as well as reducing of inevitable environmental pollution in living spaces and public sector in still urgent question. According to the initial optimistic evaluations the economy of heat up to 6 Twh per year was expected. The above mentioned economizing possibilities besides the economy of energetic and financial resources would enable to reduce the amount of CO2 thrown into the atmosphere by 1.2-1.8 Mt per year, the position held in the work is as follows: renovation can give desirable results in the case when government and private owners of the buildings are interested in reducing energy consumption and ecological pollution created by renovation. Barrier interdependent proportions of dwelling houses of Lithuania are analyzed in the article. It is illustrated how much is operation pollution reduced by applying new building standards. The purpose of the work is as follows: to determine by optimizing multicriterion mathematical method of buildings thermal characteristics how existing and future perspectives are microeconomically (from the point of view of house owners) acceptable for thermal renovation of buildings in Lithuania. For this purpose technical factors (insulation of fasades, roofs, basement flooring, replacement of windows, reconstruction of heating systems) as well as economical factors (crediting conditions, scenarios of energy prices, prices of insulating materials, insulation and finishing, windows as well as prices of heat sources) are being analyzed. Alongside with other economical factors, much attention is paid to the scenarios of increasing energy prices, but the equalization of these prices with the prices in West European countries is not foreseen in the nearest 10 years. Criterion groups of economical, energetic, ecological, exergical (thermodynamic) used in the analysis of energy consumption systems as well as the peculiarities of their application are shortly reviewed in the article. In this thermal renovation with many variables optimization task, non-linear aim function and linear variables limitations criteria is economical index - maximum anuitate, for obtaining of which some technical combinations are possible. Economical variables obtained in real calculations enable to determine theirphysical equivalents as well: insulation thickness, glazed areas and heat transmition coefficients, power of thermal sources. Such kind of analysis is a convenient means for effective economical and energetic examination of the project The conclusions of the article state that thermal isulation of barriers in buildings at present economical situation (the relations between capital, energy, insulating materials and labour costs) and real prognoses of the rate of increasing energy costs is inexpedient from the microeconomical point of view (all the more till the new building standards are not accepted). The main hindrances for this are high prices of building construction works and finishing materials. The realization of all-republic, economical, ecological and political task - to reduce energy expenditures more rapidly in the existing buildings - demands radical review of financial economical conditions, determining the expediency of renovation. It is necessary to carry out works in choosing economically, energetically, ecologically and functionally acceptable, optimum combinations of partial renovation of buildings as well as their renovation must be analyzed for feather strategic perspective. Alongside with economical and energetical point of views, ecological and thermodynamic (exergical) point of view must be taken into account as well.