Manganese-Iron Phosphate Nodules at the Groken Site, Gale Crater, Mars
In: ISSN: 2075-163X ; Minerals ; https://hal.science/hal-04189430 ; Minerals, 2023, 13 (9), pp.1122. ⟨10.3390/min13091122⟩ ; https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/9/1122, 2023
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International audience ; The MSL Curiosity rover investigated dark, Mn-P-enriched nodules in shallow lacustrine/fluvial sediments at the Groken site in Glen Torridon, Gale Crater, Mars. Applying all relevant information from the rover, the nodules are interpreted as pseudomorphs after original crystals of vivianite, (Fe 2+ ,Mn 2+) 3 (PO 4) 2 •8H 2 O, that cemented the sediment soon after deposition. The nodules appear to have flat faces and linear boundaries and stand above the surrounding siltstone. Chem-Cam LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectrometry) shows that the nodules have MnO abundances approximately twenty times those of the surrounding siltstone matrix, contain little CaO, and have SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 abundances similar to those of the siltstone. A deconvolution of APXS analyses of nodule-bearing targets, interpreted here as representing the nodules' non-silicate components, shows high concentrations of MnO, P 2 O 5 , and FeO and a molar ratio P/Mn = 2. Visible to nearinfrared reflectance of the nodules (by ChemCam passive and Mastcam multispectral) is dark and relatively flat, consistent with a mixture of host siltstone, hematite, and a dark spectrally bland material (like pyrolusite, MnO 2). A drill sample at the site is shown to contain minimal nodule material, implying that analyses by the CheMin and SAM instruments do not constrain the nodules' mineralogy or composition. The fact that the nodules contain P and Mn in a small molar integer ratio, P/Mn = 2, suggests that the nodules contained a stoichiometric Mn-phosphate mineral, in which Fe did (i.e., could) not substitute for Mn. The most likely such minerals are laueite and strunzite, Mn 2+ Fe 3+ 2 (PO 4) 2 (OH) 2 •8H 2 O and-6H 2 O, respectively, which occur on Earth as alteration products of other Mn-bearing phosphates including vivianite. Vivianite is a common primary and diagenetic precipitate from low-oxygen, P-enriched waters. Calculated phase equilibria show Mn-bearing vivianite could be replaced by laueite or strunzite and then by hematite ...
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Manganese-Iron Phosphate Nodules at the Groken Site, Gale Crater, Mars
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| Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Treiman, Allan, H ; Lanza, Nina, L ; Vanbommel, Scott ; Berger, Jeff ; Wiens, Roger ; Bristow, Thomas ; Johnson, Jeffrey ; Rice, Melissa ; Hart, Reginald ; Mcadam, Amy ; Gasda, Patrick ; Meslin, Pierre-Yves ; Yen, Albert ; Williams, Amy, J ; Vasavada, Ashwin ; Vaniman, David ; Tu, Valerie ; Thorpe, Michael ; Swanner, Elizabeth, D ; Seeger, Christina ; Schwenzer, Susanne, P ; Schröder, Susanne ; Rampe, Elizabeth ; Rapin, William ; Ralston, Silas, J ; Peretyazhko, Tanya ; Newsom, Horton ; Morris, Richard, V ; Ming, Douglas ; Loche, Matteo ; Le Mouélic, Stéphane ; House, Christopher ; Hazen, Robert ; Grotzinger, John, P ; Gellert, Ralf ; Gasnault, Olivier ; Fischer, Woodward, W ; Essunfeld, Ari ; Downs, Robert, T ; Downs, Gordon, W ; Dehouck, Erwin ; Crossey, Laura, J ; Cousin, Agnes ; Comellas, Jade, M ; Clark, Joanna, V ; Clark, Benton ; Chipera, Steve ; Caravaca, Gwénaël ; Bridges, John ; Blake, David, F ; Anderson, Ryan ; Lunar and Planetary Institute Houston (LPI) ; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) ; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University ; Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL) ; NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) ; NASA ; Purdue University West Lafayette ; NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) ; Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Laurel, MD (APL) ; Geology Department, Western Washington University ; Western Washington University (WWU) ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) ; Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) ; NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH) ; University of Florida Gainesville (UF) ; Planetary Science Institute Tucson (PSI) ; Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences Ames ; Iowa State University (ISU) ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences Pasadena ; California Institute of Technology (CALTECH) ; The Open University Milton Keynes (OU) ; DLR Institute of Optical Sensor Systems ; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Berlin (DLR) ; The University of New Mexico Albuquerque ; Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences UMR_C 6112 (LPG) ; Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST) ; Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie ; Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie ; Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ) ; College of Earth and Mineral Sciences ; Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) ; Penn State System-Penn State System ; Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution ; Carnegie Institution for Science ; Department of Physics Guelph ; University of Guelph ; Department of Geosciences University of Arizona ; University of Arizona ; Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE) ; École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Albuquerque (EPS) ; Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) ; University of Hawai‘i Mānoa (UHM) ; Space Science Institute Boulder (SSI) ; Department of Physics and Astronomy Leicester ; University of Leicester ; US Geological Survey Flagstaff ; United States Geological Survey Reston (USGS) |
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| Zeitschrift: | ISSN: 2075-163X ; Minerals ; https://hal.science/hal-04189430 ; Minerals, 2023, 13 (9), pp.1122. ⟨10.3390/min13091122⟩ ; https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/9/1122, 2023 |
| Veröffentlichung: | HAL CCSD ; MDPI, 2023 |
| Medientyp: | academicJournal |
| DOI: | 10.3390/min13091122 |
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