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The cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota, Vieillot) could potentially play an important role in the transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) because of its breeding ecology, reservoir competence status, and potentially high natural exposure rates. These birds nest in colonies and their nests are occupied year round by swallow bugs (Oeciacus vicarius, Hovarth), hematophagus ectoparasites that feed primarily on cliff swallows. Swallow bugs are most likely exposed to WNV while feeding on infectious blood of cliff swallows and, thus, if competent vectors, could contribute to initiation and maintenance of seasonal WNV transmission. In addition, swallow bugs remain within nests year round and, therefore, if persistently infected and competent vectors, they could provide an overwintering mechanism for WNV. We tested the hypothesis that swallow bugs become infected with WNV through direct abdominal inoculation or ingestion of infectious blood meals. We observed that swallow bugs did not maintain or amplify WNV, and infectious virus titers within bugs declined over 15 d postexposure. These results suggest that swallow bugs may not be competent vectors of WNV, and therefore are unlikely to play a significant role in transmission.

Titel:	Experimental Exposure of Swallow Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to West Nile Virus
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	OESTERLE, Paul ; NEMETH, Nicole ; DOHERTY, Paul ; MCLEAN, Robert ; CLARK, Larry
Link:	Full Text Finder (Volltext) View record from PASCAL Archive
Zeitschrift:	Journal of medical entomology, Jg. 47 (2010), Heft 5, S. 897-901
Veröffentlichung:	Lanham, MD: Entomological Society of America, 2010
Medientyp:	academicJournal
Umfang:	print, 3/4 p
ISSN:	0022-2585 (print)
Schlagwort:	Entomology Entomologie Tropical medicine Médecine tropicale Parasitology Parasitologie Sciences biologiques et medicales Biological and medical sciences Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Vertebres: zoologie generale, morphologie, phylogenese, systematique, cytogenetique, repartition geographique Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution Aves Vecteurs d'importance medicale, nuisances, depredateurs des denrees et materiaux: surveillance des populations et lutte Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control Vecteurs. Hôtes intermédaires Vectors. Intermediate hosts Arthropoda Flaviviridae Flavivirus Heteroptera Insecta Invertebrata Vertebrata Virus groupe encéphalite japonaise Japanese encephalitis group virus Virus Cimicidae Etude expérimentale Experimental study Estudio experimental Hirundo pyrrhonota Hirundo rustica Parasite Parásito Vecteur Vector Virus West Nile West Nile virus Hirundinidae Oeciacus vicarious Petrochelidon pyrrhonota cliff swallow swallow bug
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: PASCAL Archive Sprachen: English Original Material: INIST-CNRS Document Type: Article File Description: text Language: English Author Affiliations: National Wildlife Research Center (United States Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services), 4101 Laporte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, United States ; Colorado State University, Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 109 Wagar Building, Campus Delivery 1474, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States ; Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 3801 West Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States Rights: Copyright 2015 INIST-CNRS ; CC BY 4.0 ; Sauf mention contraire ci-dessus, le contenu de cette notice bibliographique peut être utilisé dans le cadre d’une licence CC BY 4.0 Inist-CNRS / Unless otherwise stated above, the content of this bibliographic record may be used under a CC BY 4.0 licence by Inist-CNRS / A menos que se haya señalado antes, el contenido de este registro bibliográfico puede ser utilizado al amparo de una licencia CC BY 4.0 Inist-CNRS Notes: Vectors of medical importance, nuisance, pests of commodities and materials: population monitoring and control ; Vertebrates : general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution

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Experimental Exposure of Swallow Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to West Nile Virus