A 10.2 Mbps Pulse Harmonic Modulation Based Transceiver for Implantable Medical Devices

A low power wireless transceiver has been presented for near-field data transmission across inductive telemetry links, which operates based on pulse harmonic modulation (PHM). This PHM transceiver uses on-off keying (OOK) of a pattern of pulses to suppress inter-symbol interference (ISI), and its characteristics are suitable for low-power high-bandwidth telemetry in implantable neuroprosthetic devices. To transmit each bit across a pair of high-Q LC-tank circuits, the PHM transmitter generates a string of narrow pulses with specific amplitudes and timing. Each pulse generates a decaying oscillation at the harmonic frequency that the receiver LC-tank is tuned at, which is then superimposed with other oscillations across the receiver at the same frequency, to minimize the ISI. This allows for reaching high data rates without reducing the inductive link quality factor (to extend its bandwidth), which significantly improves the range and selectivity of the link. The PHM receiver architecture is based on non-coherent energy detection with programmable bandwidth and adjustable gain. The PHM transceiver was fabricated in a 0.5-μm standard CMOS process, occupying 1.8 mm2. The transceiver achieved a measured 10.2 Mbps data rate with a bit error rate (BER) of 6.3 x 10―8 at 1 cm distance using planar implant sized (1 cm2) figure-8 coils. The PHM transmitter power consumption was 345 pJ/bit and 8.85 pJ/bit at 1 cm and zero link distances, respectively. The receiver dissipates 3 mW at 3.3 V supply voltage.