Insect pests of millets and their management: a review

(…) Stem borers and grain midge are of regular occurrence. White grubs are important in India. Spike worms have recently become serious in the sub-Sahelian zone of West Africa. Sporadic attacks of blister beetles, armyworms, grasshoppers, chinch bugs, leaf beetles, head caterpillars and head bugs result in severe yield losses in certain seasons. There is a higher incidence of storage pests in the rainy season. Research on pest management needs to be intensified. The tactics differ with the pest complex and the agroecosystem. However, a combination of cultural practices and resistant cultivars have proved to be effective. (…).