Incorporating Additional Sounding Observations in Weather Analysis and Rainfall Prediction During the Intensive Observing Period of 2006 TWP-ICE

Using additional sounding observations during the Intensive Observing Period (IOP) of the Tropical Warm Pool-International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE) in 2006, the characteristics of weather systems and associated environmental conditions are further analyzed during four temporal regimes (active wet monsoon, suppressed dry monsoon, clear day, and monsoon break). Monsoon low-pressure systems are predominant during the active wet monsoon and monsoon break periods. During the active monsoon period, heavy rainfall (> 100 mm day-1) is produced over the nearby tropical ocean of north Australia and the maritime continent centered on the Tiwi Islands, where the apparent southerly-to-southwesterly winds dominate at low levels over the ocean under the influence of the monsoon low in contrast to the westerly winds during a typical active north Australia summer monsoon regime. In the monsoon break, limited scattered rainfall is distributed over coastal regions of northern Australia and inland.