Synergy between 15-lipoxygenase and secreted PLA2 promotes inflammation by formation of TLR4 agonists from extracellular vesicles
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, Jg. 117 (2020-10-13), Heft 41, S. 25679-25689
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Zugriff:
Damage-associated endogenous molecules induce innate immune response, thus making sterile inflammation medically relevant. Stress-derived extracellular vesicles (stressEVs) released during oxidative stress conditions were previously found to activate Tolllike receptor 4 (TLR4), resulting in expression of a different pattern of immune response proteins in comparison to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), underlying the differences between pathogen-induced and sterile inflammation. Here we report that synergistic activities of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and secreted phospholipase [A.sub.2] ([sPLA.sub.2]) are needed for the formation of TLR4 agonists, which were identified as lysophospholipids (lysoPLs) with oxidized unsaturated acyl chain. Hydroxy, hydroperoxy, and keto products of 2-arachidonoyl-lysoPI oxidation by 15-LO were identified by mass spectrometry (MS), and they activated the same gene pattern as stressEVs. Extracellular [PLA.sub.2] activity was detected in the synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis and gout patients. Furthermore, injection of [sPLA.sub.2] promoted K/BxN serum-induced arthritis in mice, whereby ankle swelling was partially TLR4 dependent. Results confirm the role of oxidized lysoPL of stressEVs in sterile inflammation that promotes chronic diseases. Both 15-LO and [sPLA.sub.2] enzymes are induced during inflammation, which opens the opportunity for therapy without compromising innate immunity against pathogens. oxidative stress | extracellular vesicles | Toll-like receptor 4 | 15-lipoxygenase | phospholipase A2
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Synergy between 15-lipoxygenase and secreted PLA2 promotes inflammation by formation of TLR4 agonists from extracellular vesicles
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Ha, Van Thai ; Lainscek, Dusko ; Gesslbauer, Bernd ; Jarc-Jovicic, Eva ; Hyotylainen, Tuulia ; Ilc, Nejc ; Lakota, Katja ; Tomsic, Matija ; Loo, Fons A.J. van de ; Bochkov, Valery ; Petan, Toni ; Jerala, Roman ; Mancek-Keber, Mateja |
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Zeitschrift: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, Jg. 117 (2020-10-13), Heft 41, S. 25679-25689 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2020 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0027-8424 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2005111117 |
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