SUPRANATIONAL? FEDERAL? INTERGOVERNMENTAL? THE GOVERNMENTAL STRUCTURE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AFTER THE TREATY OF LISBON
In: Columbia Journal of European Law, Jg. 20 (2013-10-01), S. 77
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I. INTRODUCTION When on January 1, 1958, the European Economic Community (hereinafter EEC) was launched with the goal of achieving "an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe," 1 its initial six Member States accorded centralized power to permanent institutions in a structure significantly different from loosely-organized bodies employed in traditional intergovernmental cooperation. The EEC's Commission immediately began to function as the center of central executive and administrative authority, exercising what is commonly viewed as a supranational role. Indeed, already in 1963--64, in two celebrated judgments, Van Gend en Loos and Costa , the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereinafter simply referred to as Court of Justice) authoritatively depicted the Community as a new "legal system" in which, unlike "ordinary international treaties," the Member States had permanently ceded significant sovereign powers to the Community's central institutions and "created a Community of unlimited duration." 2 Thus, it is possible to characterize the EEC as possessing significant supranational features early in its history. After the EEC's European Parliament began to be elected by direct popular vote in June 1979, it joined the Commission as a supranational institution, and gradually acquired substantial political and legislative power. In contrast, the Council of Ministers, the institution that directly represents Member State governments, clearly had an intergovernmental nature in the early history of the EEC. Many EEC Treaty provisions required the Council to take any decisions or adopt any legislation by unanimity. Even when the Treaty authorized the Council to act by ...
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SUPRANATIONAL? FEDERAL? INTERGOVERNMENTAL? THE GOVERNMENTAL STRUCTURE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AFTER THE TREATY OF LISBON
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Goebel, Roger J. |
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Zeitschrift: | Columbia Journal of European Law, Jg. 20 (2013-10-01), S. 77 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2013 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
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