An?lise do acoplamento de estruturas fractais em antenas monopolo multi-banda para comunica??o sem fio

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal realizar o estudo e an?lise de diferentes antenas planares de microfita, atrav?s do emprego de geometrias fractais no patch ressoador e da remo??o parcial do plano de terra com acoplamento. Recentes estudos mostram que as varia??es nas formas geom?tricas do patch da antena e do plano de terra produzem mudan?as na distribui??o da densidade de corrente da estrutura e consequentemente nos modos ressonantes e na polariza??o da antena. No desenvolvimento desta tese, apresenta-se uma nova antena fractal que utiliza a t?cnica de inser??o de fendas e aberturas de forma fractal no plano de terra e tamb?m descontinuidades no transformador ? de onda na linha de transmiss?o a fim de aumentar a largura de banda e alcan?ar comportamentos espec?ficos em aplica??es de banda de frequ?ncia. Emprega-se o substrato FR-4 com dimens?es de 85,0 x 85,0 x 1,57 mm?. Al?m disso, usam-se diferentes modos de casamento de imped?ncia na linha de alimenta??o de antena como CPW (Coplanar Wave Guide) e altera??es da largura da linha de transmiss?o, a fim de obter varia??o na distribui??o de corrente e, consequentemente, na largura de banda de resposta por imped?ncia para S11 ? -10dB para banda C (3.9 GHz - 6,2 GHz) e banda S (2,0 GHz - 4,0 GHz). Uma an?lise comparativa de desempenho para a linha de microfita e CPW foi realizada, obtendo-se para alguns casos antenas circularmente polarizadas. Boa concord?ncia foi obtida entre os resultados medidos e simulados.

This work has as main objective to carry out the study and analysis of different planar microstrip antenna, by employing fractal geometry in the resonator patch and partial removal of the ground plane with coupling. Recent studies show that variations in geometric shapes of the antenna and the ground plane generate changes in current density distribution of the planar structure and consequently the resonant modes and antenna polarization. In developing this thesis presents a new fractal antenna using the technique of insertion slots and fractal shaped defects (gaps) in the ground plane and discontinuities with ? wavelength transformer in the transmission line in order to increase the bandwidth and inserting in the feed line to reach specific behaviors in three frequency bandwidth applications. We used the FR-4 substrate with dimensions of 85.0 x 85.0 x 1.57 mm?. In addition, we used different modes of impedance matching in line antenna feed as CPW (Coplanar Wave Guide), to change the width of the transmission line in order to obtain a variation in the current distribution and hence the response bandwidth impedance to S11 ? -10dB for C band (3.9 GHz - 6.2 GHz) and S band (2.0 GHz - 4.0 GHz). A comparative analysis of cases with microstrip line and CPW was made, applications in this frequency range require preferably circularly polarized antennas. Good agreement was obtained between measured and simulated results.