Einzeltreffer — DigiBib

The invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen gas and optionally a carbonaceous product from a hydrocarbon fuel, comprising: introducing a flowing stream of said fuel into a reaction chamber of a reactor, wherein said reaction chamber has at least one wall and a heating zone which is heated by a heat source, heating said fuel in said heating zone to effect pyrolytic decomposition of said hydrocarbon fuel to produce said hydrogen gas and optionally said carbonaceous product; wherein the ratio of C:O (mol/mol) in the reaction chamber is greater than 20:1; and characterized in that the heat source heats the hydrocarbon fuel in the heating zone by radiated heat to an average temperature of greater than 2000° C. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.

Titel:	PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR DECOMPOSING A HYDROCARBON FUEL
Link:	View record in USPTO Patent Applications (Volltext)
Veröffentlichung:	2019
Medientyp:	Patent
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: USPTO Patent Applications Sprachen: English Document Number: 20190218094 Publication Date: July 18, 2019 Appl. No: 16/318960 Application Filed: July 21, 2017 Assignees: XGas AS (Fana, NO) Claim: 1. A method for producing hydrogen gas and optionally a carbonaceous product from a hydrocarbon fuel, comprising: introducing a flowing stream of said fuel into a reaction chamber of a reactor, wherein said reaction chamber has at least one wall and a heating zone which is heated by a heat source, heating said fuel in said heating zone to effect pyrolytic decomposition of said hydrocarbon fuel to produce said hydrogen gas and optionally said carbonaceous product; wherein the ratio of C:O (mol/mol) in the reaction chamber is greater than 20:1; characterized in that the heat source heats the hydrocarbon fuel in the heating zone by radiated heat to an average temperature of greater than 2000° C. Claim: 2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ratio of C:O in the reaction chamber is greater than 50:1, preferably greater than 100:1. Claim: 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said hydrocarbon fuel is natural gas. Claim: 4. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the average temperature of the hydrocarbon fuel in the heating zone is in the range of 2000 to 4500° C., preferably in the range of 2500 to 4000° C. Claim: 5. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the hydrocarbon fuel in the heating zone has different temperatures at different locations and each temperature deviates from the average temperature by not more than 250° C., preferably not more than 100° C. Claim: 6. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 wherein said hydrocarbon fuel is isothermal in at least one cross-section in the heating zone, preferably in the radial direction (and preferably the longitudinal direction) in the heating zone. Claim: 7. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the gas flow through the heating zone is laminar. Claim: 8. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 wherein the at least one reaction chamber wall comprises or consists of a material having a melting point of greater than 2000° C., preferably tungsten or an ultra high temperature ceramic having a melting point of greater than 2000° C. Claim: 9. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 wherein the at least one reaction chamber wall comprises one or more layers of tungsten and one or more layers of a high temperature ceramic having a melting point of greater than 2000° C. Claim: 10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the heating zone is provided by a cylindrical portion of said reaction chamber and the ratio of the internal diameter to the length of the heating zone is in the range of 1:5 to 1:30, preferably in the range of 1:10 to 1:20. Claim: 11. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein said heat source, which is optionally a heating element, is located externally to said reaction chamber wall, and heats said reaction chamber wall from which radiative heat is transferred to said fuel in the heating zone. Claim: 12. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein said heat source, which is optionally a heating element, is located within said reaction chamber wall, and heats said reaction chamber wall from which radiative heat is transferred to said fuel in the heating zone. Claim: 13. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein said heat source, which is optionally a heating element, is located internally to said reaction chamber wall, and radiative heat is transferred from said heat source to said fuel in the heating zone. Claim: 14. A method as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13 wherein said heating element comprises or consists of a material having a melting point of greater than 2000° C., preferably tungsten or an ultra high temperature ceramic having a melting point of greater than 2000° C. Claim: 15. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 14 wherein said heat source is an electrical heat source, preferably a tungsten mesh. Claim: 16. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15 wherein said hydrocarbon fuel is heated in the reactor solely by means of said heat source. Claim: 17. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15 wherein heat transfer from hot downstream gases is used to pre-heat hydrocarbon fuel upstream of the reaction chamber. Claim: 18. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17 wherein said hydrogen gas and/or said carbonaceous product is collected and optionally said gas is cooled to form a liquid or compressed to provide a compressed gas. Claim: 19. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 18 further comprising a step of separating the reaction products downstream of the heating zone into a solid carbonaceous product and a hydrogen gas, wherein preferably a filter is used. Claim: 20. An apparatus comprising: a reaction chamber having at least one wall and a heating zone which can be heated by a heat source; one or more inlets allowing entry of a hydrocarbon fuel stream into said reaction chamber; a capture chamber for separating a solid product and a gaseous product; and one or more outlets through which gaseous products may leave the reaction chamber; characterized in that: said heat source, when in use, can heat hydrocarbon fuel in the heating zone by radiated heat to an average temperature of greater than 2000° C.; and the at least one reactor wall has a melting point of greater than 2000° C. Claim: 21. An apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein the at least one reaction chamber wall is as defined in claim 8 or 9. Claim: 22. An apparatus as claimed in claim 20 or 21 wherein the heating zone is as defined in claim 10. Claim: 23. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein said heat source is provided by a heating element, wherein preferably said heating element is as defined in any one of claims 11 to 14 or said heat source is as defined in claim 15. Claim: 24. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 23 further adapted to, when in use, recover heat from hot gases downstream from said heating zone to pre-heat hydrocarbon fuel before entering the reaction chamber. Claim: 25. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 24, further comprising a filter in said capture chamber to separate said solid and gaseous products. Claim: 26. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 25 comprising a plurality of reaction chambers arranged in parallel or series. Current International Class: 01; 01; 01

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PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR DECOMPOSING A HYDROCARBON FUEL