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The invention relates to a clay based aqueous drilling fluid containing dissolved inorganic salts for use in drilling through either or both shale and salt formations. The fluid is prepared by dissolving designated quantities of ammonium chloride and sodium chloride in the aqueous fluid prior to admixing of the clay and other additives.

Titel:	Shale and salt stabilizing drilling fluid
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Son, Adelina J. ; Neal, Vernon S. ; Garvey, Christopher M.
Link:	View record in USPTO Patent Grants (Volltext)
Veröffentlichung:	1985
Medientyp:	Patent
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: USPTO Patent Grants Sprachen: English Patent Number: 4,526,693 Publication Date: July 02, 1985 Appl. No: 06/495,011 Application Filed: May 16, 1983 Assignees: Halliburton Co. (Duncan, OK), TXP Operating Co. (Houston, TX) Claim: What is claimed is Claim: 1. A method of preparing a shale and salt formation stabilizing clay-based drilling fluid comprising Claim: admixing a predetermined quantity of ammonium chloride with an aqueous fluid, said ammonium chloride being present in an amount of from about 10 to about 70 pounds per barrel of drilling fluid; Claim: admixing a predetermined amount of sodium chloride with the aqueous ammonium chloride solution to form an aqueous ammonium chloride-sodium chloride solution, said sodium chloride being present in an amount of from about 65 to about 150 pounds per barrel of drilling fluid; and Claim: admixing a predetermined quantity of a viscosifying agent comprising a clay with the aqueous ammonium chloride-sodium chloride solution to form a clay-based drilling fluid whereby the occurrence of a substantial viscosity hump during said admixing is prevented. Claim: 2. The method of claim 1 defined further to include the step of Claim: admixing a fluid-loss reducer with the admixture of clay and aqueous ammonium chloride and sodium chloride. Claim: 3. The method of claim 1 defined further to include the steps of Claim: admixing a pH-control agent with the admixture of clay and aqueous ammonium chloride and sodium chloride and adjusting the pH of said solution to a level in the range of from about 5 to about 9 by the addition of a pH-adjusting agent to said solution. Claim: 4. The method of claim 1 defined further to include the step of Claim: admixing a predetermined quantity of a weighting agent with the admixture of clay and aqueous ammonium chloride and sodium chloride to form a clay-based drilling fluid having a weight in the range of from about 8.5 to about 18 pounds per gallon. Claim: 5. A method of preparing a clay-based drilling fluid comprising Claim: admixing from about 10 to about 70 ppb of ammonium chloride with an aqueous fluid until the ammonium chloride substantially is dissolved; Claim: admixing from about 65 to about 150 ppb of sodium chloride with the aqueous ammonium chloride solution until a substantial portion of the sodium chloride is dissolved; Claim: admixing from about 5 to about 30 ppb of a viscosifying agent comprising a clay with the aqueous ammonium chloride-sodium chloride solution whereby the occurrence of a substantial viscosity hump during said admixing is avoided; and Claim: adjusting the pH of the aqueous fluid to a level in the range of from about 5 to about 9 by the addition of a quantity of a pH-adjusting agent to form a clay-based drilling fluid capable of stabilizing shale and salt formations during drilling operations. Claim: 6. The method of claim 5 defined further to include the step of Claim: admixing a pH-control agent comprising ferrous gluconate with the admixture of clay and aqueous ammonium chloride-sodium chloride solution prior to admixing with the pH-adjusting agent. Claim: 7. The method of claim 5 defined further to include the step of Claim: admixing a weight agent with the clay-based drilling fluid in an amount sufficient to provide a weight of from about 8.5 to about 18 pounds per gallon. Current U.S. Class: 252/85B; 175/65; 252/85A Current International Class: C09K 702; C09K 704 Patent References Cited: 3396105 August 1968 Burdyn et al. ; 3479287 November 1969 Floyd et al. ; 3720610 March 1973 Erasmus ; 3723311 March 1973 Lummus et al. ; 3850817 November 1974 Barthel ; 3882029 May 1975 Fischer et al. ; 3896031 July 1975 Carney ; 3948782 April 1976 Dreher et al. ; 3985659 October 1976 Felicetta et al. ; 3989632 November 1976 Fischer et al. ; 4012329 March 1977 Hayes et al. ; 4046197 September 1977 Gruesbeck, Jr. et al. ; 4175042 November 1979 Mondshine ; 4192753 March 1980 Pye et al. ; 4357245 November 1982 Engelhardt et al. Primary Examiner: Lechert, Jr., Stephen J. Assistant Examiner: Locker, Howard J. Attorney, Agent or Firm: Kent, Robert A. ; Weaver, Thomas R.

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Shale and salt stabilizing drilling fluid