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A plunger lift for a hydrocarbon well includes a piston that is dropped into the well and then moved upwardly to lift liquid to the surface from adjacent a hydrocarbon formation. The piston includes a series of pads biased outwardly into engagement with an inside wall of the production string thereby providing an improved seal between the piston and the production string. The pads are biased outwardly by pressure from below or a pressure differential that is moving the piston upwardly. The force moving the pads outwardly are greater during upward movement of the piston than during downward movement. The piston includes a central one-piece mandrel having an upper end higher than any component of the piston and a lower end lower than any component of the piston so that impact forces are applied directly to the mandrel and not through a threaded component.

Titel:	Pad type plunger
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Wells, Edward A.
Link:	View record in USPTO Patent Grants (Volltext)
Veröffentlichung:	2008
Medientyp:	Patent
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: USPTO Patent Grants Sprachen: English Patent Number: 7,448,442 Publication Date: November 11, 2008 Appl. No: 11/434740 Application Filed: May 16, 2006 Assignees: MGM Well Service, Inc. (Corpus Christi, TX, US) Claim: 1. A plunger lift for a well producing through a production string communicating with a hydrocarbon formation, comprising a free piston movable upwardly in the well in response to a pressure differential across the piston and having at least one rigid pad carried by the piston and movable toward an inside wall of the production string for reducing bypass of gas and liquid around the piston, the rigid pad being biased toward the production string by a pressure differential across the pad, the pressure differential across the pad being the only force biasing the pad toward the production string, the piston comprising a central one-piece mandrel having a lower end lower than any other component of the piston and an upper end higher than any other component of the piston so that all impact forces applied to the piston are applied to the one-piece mandrel. Claim: 2. The plunger lift of claim 1 wherein the free piston includes a sleeve having an axial passage therethrough and a ball cooperating with the sleeve for uniting at a location in the well adjacent a collection of formation liquid and moving upwardly together to push liquid above the piston upwardly. Claim: 3. The plunger lift of claim 1 wherein the free piston includes a solid mandrel having no axial passage therethrough. Claim: 4. The plunger lift of claim 1 wherein the pressure differential moving the free piston upwardly in the well is essentially the same pressure differential that moves the rigid pad toward the production string. Claim: 5. The plunger lift of claim 1 wherein the at least one pad is of one piece and is rigid from an upper end thereof to a lower end thereof. Claim: 6. The plunger lift of claim 1 wherein the at least one pad comprises at least two rigid segments movable relative to each other. Claim: 7. A plunger lift for a well producing through a production string communicating with a hydrocarbon formation, comprising a free piston propelled upwardly by a pressure differential across the piston and having at least one rigid pad carried by the piston and movable toward an inside wall of the production string for reducing bypass of gas and liquid around the piston, the pad being biased toward the production string by a force proportional to the rate of upward movement in the well, the force being exclusively created by the pressure differential, the piston comprising a central one-piece mandrel having a lower end lower than any other component of the piston and an upper end higher than any other component of the piston so that all impact forces applied to the piston are applied to the one-piece mandrel. Claim: 8. A plunger lift for a well producing through a production string communicating with a hydrocarbon formation, comprising a free piston movable upwardly in the well in response to a pressure differential across the piston and having at least one rigid pad carried by the piston and movable toward an inside wall of the production string for reducing bypass of gas and liquid around the piston, and a spring biasing the pad away from the mandrel, the pad having a first predetermined limit of radial movement and the spring has a second predetermined limit of radial movement during upward movement of the free piston, the first limit of movement being greater than the second limit of movement so the spring does not bias the pad against an inside surface of the production string during upward movement of the free piston, the rigid pad being biased toward the production string by a pressure differential across the pad. Claim: 9. The plunger lift of claim 8 wherein the spring has a third predetermined limit of radial movement during downward movement of the free piston, the first limit of movement being greater than the third limit of movement so the spring does not bias the pad against the inside surface of the production string during downward movement of the free piston. Claim: 10. The plunger lift of claim 9 wherein the third predetermined limit of radial movement of the spring is of equal magnitude to the second predetermined limit of movement of the spring. Claim: 11. The plunger lift of claim 8 wherein the piston comprises a central one-piece mandrel having a lower end lower than any other component of the piston and an upper end higher than any other component of the piston so that all impact forces applied to the piston are applied to the one-piece mandrel. Current U.S. Class: 166/68 Patent References Cited: 2001012 May 1935 Burgher ; 2674951 April 1954 Zaba ; 3304874 February 1967 Lyles ; 4531891 July 1985 Coles, III ; 4923372 May 1990 Ferguson et al. ; 6045335 April 2000 Dinning ; 6209637 April 2001 Wells ; 6467541 October 2002 Wells ; 6591737 July 2003 Giacomino ; 6644399 November 2003 Abbott ; 6669449 December 2003 Giacomino ; 6719060 April 2004 Wells ; 6746213 June 2004 Giacomino ; 7093652 August 2006 Gray et al. ; 2006/0144597 July 2006 Casey Primary Examiner: Bomar, Shane Attorney, Agent or Firm: Moller, G. Turner

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Pad type plunger