In Vivo Efficacy of a "Smart" Antimicrobial Implant Coating.
In: The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume, Jg. 98 (2016-07-01), Heft 14
Online
academicJournal
- 1183 - 1189
BackgroundPostoperative infection is a devastating complication following arthroplasty. The goals of this study were to introduce a "smart" implant coating that combines passive elution of antibiotic with an active-release mechanism that "targets" bacteria, and to use an established in vivo mouse model of post-arthroplasty infection to longitudinally evaluate the efficacy of this polymer implant coating in decreasing bacterial burden.MethodsA novel, biodegradable coating using branched poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene sulfide) (PEG-PPS) polymer was designed to deliver antibiotics both passively and actively. In vitro-release kinetics were studied using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification in conditions representing both the physiologic environment and the more oxidative, hyperinflammatory environment of periprosthetic infection. The in vivo efficacy of the PEG-PPS coating delivering vancomycin and tigecycline was tested using an established mouse model of post-arthroplasty infection. Noninvasive bioluminescence imaging was used to quantify the bacterial burden; radiography, to assess osseointegration and bone resorption; and implant sonication, for colony counts.ResultsIn vitro-release kinetics confirmed passive elution above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). A rapid release of antibiotic was noted when challenged with an oxidative environment (p < 0.05), confirming a "smart" active-release mechanism. The PEG-PPS coating with tigecycline significantly lowered the infection burden on all days, whereas PEG-PPS-vancomycin decreased infection on postoperative day (POD) 1, 3, 5, and 7 (p < 0.05). A mean of 0, 9, and 2.6 × 10(2) colony-forming units (CFUs) grew on culture from the implants treated with tigecycline, vancomycin, and PEG-PPS alone, respectively, and a mean of 1.2 × 10(2), 4.3 × 10(3), and 5.9 × 10(4) CFUs, respectively, on culture of the surrounding tissue (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe PEG-PPS coating provides a promising approach to preventing periprosthetic infection. This polymer is novel in that it combines both passive and active antibiotic-release mechanisms. The tigecycline-based coating outperformed the vancomycin-based coating in this study.Clinical relevancePEG-PPS polymer provides a controlled, "smart" local delivery of antibiotics that could be used to prevent postoperative implant-related infections.
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In Vivo Efficacy of a "Smart" Antimicrobial Implant Coating.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Stavrakis, Alexandra I ; Zhu, Suwei ; Hegde, Vishal ; Loftin, Amanda H ; Ashbaugh, Alyssa G ; Niska, Jared A ; Miller, Lloyd S ; Segura, Tatiana ; Bernthal, Nicholas M |
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Zeitschrift: | The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume, Jg. 98 (2016-07-01), Heft 14 |
Veröffentlichung: | eScholarship, University of California, 2016 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
Umfang: | 1183 - 1189 |
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