Level and determinants of diabetesknowledge in patients with diabetes in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study (Open Access)

A previous study of beliefs about health and illness in Zimbabweans with diabetes mellitus indicated limited knowledge about DM affecting self-management and care seeking behaviour. The aim of this study was to assess the level of diabetes knowledge in Zimbabwean adults with DM, to determine the main gaps in knowledge and identify the socio-demographic and DM-related determinants predict DM awareness and self-management.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed using a standardized self-report Diabetes Knowledge Test questionnaire (DKT) of 58 respondents. Results were analysed with  statistical methods.The majority of the respondents scored average knowledge on the sub-scales: general knowledge, insulin use and total knowledge, with an overall score of 63.1± 14, 2%. Major knowledge gaps were found concerning diet, insulin use and glycaemic control. No significant differences in mean scores were detected in the DM knowledge sub-scales when comparingb mean knowledge scores in relation to socio-demographic and DM characteristics. However, DM -related complications were significantly associated with lower total and general DM knowledge, and female gender was an independent determinant of low general knowledge. In conclusion, knowledge gaps were evident regarding insulin use, diet and glycaemic control. Low DM knowledge was associated with being a female and could be a risk factor for development of DM-related complications. Knowledge gaps need to be addressed in diabetes education to prevent development of complications.