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Extrachromosomal inheritance.
In: Salem Press Encyclopedia of Health, 2023, S. 3
Online
Nachschlagewerk
![Verkleinertes Vorschaubild](https://imageserver.ebscohost.com/img/embimages/ers/sp/placard/rsspencyclopedia-20200422-6-178780.jpg?ephost1=dGJyMNHX8kSepq84yOvsOLCmsEyepq5Srqa4SK6WxWXS)
Zugriff:
Carl Correns, one of the three geneticists who rediscovered Austrian botanist Gregor Mendel’s laws of inheritance in 1900, and Erwin Baur first described, independently, extrachromosomal inheritance of plastid color in 1909. However, they did not know then that they were observing the transmission patterns of organelle genes. Correns studied the inheritance of plastid color in the albomaculata strain of four-o’clock plants (Mirabilis jalapa), whereas Baur investigated garden geraniums (Pelargonium zonate). Correns observed that seedlings resembled the maternal parent regardless of the color of the male parent (uniparental-maternal inheritance). Seeds obtained from plants with three types of branches—with green leaves, white leaves, and variegated (a mixture of green and white) leaves—provided interesting results. Seeds from green-leaved branches produced only green-leaved seedlings, and seeds from white-leaved branches produced only white-leaved seedlings. However, seeds from branches with variegated leaves resulted in varying ratios of green-leaved, white-leaved, and variegated-leaved offspring. The explanation is that plastids in egg cells of the green-leaved branches and white-leaved branches were only of one type (homoplasmic or homoplastidic)—that is, normal chloroplasts in the green-leaved cells and white plastids (leukoplasts) in the white-leaved cells. The cells of the variegated branches, on the other hand, contained both chloroplasts and leukoplasts (heteroplasmic or heteroplastidic) in varying proportions. Some descendants of the heteroplastidic cells received only chloroplasts, some received only leukoplasts, and some received a mixture of the two types of plastids in varying proportions in the next generation, hence variegation.
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Extrachromosomal inheritance.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Kang, Manjit S., PhD ; Adler, Richard, PhD |
Zeitschrift: | Salem Press Encyclopedia of Health, 2023, S. 3 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2023 |
Medientyp: | Nachschlagewerk |
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