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Digital cameras.
In: Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science, 2022-05-01, S. 3
Online
Nachschlagewerk
Zugriff:
From Digital cameras the invention of modern photography in the 1800s to the rise of digital photography in the twenty-first century, the function of the camera has been the same: to record patterns of light. The word “photography,” coined by Sir John Herschel in 1839, is from the Greek phos (light) and gráphein (to write). Simple pinhole cameras were described as early as the fourth and fifth centuries b.c.e. by Chinese philosopher Mo Ti and Greek mathematicians Aristotle and Euclid of Alexandria. Mathematician and physicist James Maxwell created the first color photograph in 1861. Not long after, American inventor and Kodak founder George Eastman developed inexpensive equipment and film that made photography practical for common use. Until recently, cameras recorded images on media coated in photosensitive compounds. Incoming light was registered as a chemical change that could be seen upon development in specialized photochemistry. Digital cameras use an electronic chip that is sensitive to light. The chip, either a charge coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), converts the light into an electrical signal, and a small computer in the camera then transforms that signal into the “ons” and “offs” (or “1”s and “0”s) of binary code for storage on a digital storage device. The digital information that represents an image can easily be copied onto a computer, manipulated, published electronically, and printed. Researchers also investigate mathematical questions like how many images one should shoot in order to be reasonably confident that no person in the photograph blinks. For groups under 20 people, the number of images is approximately equal to the number of people divided by one-half.
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Digital cameras.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Goodman, Jeff |
Zeitschrift: | Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science, 2022-05-01, S. 3 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2022 |
Medientyp: | Nachschlagewerk |
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