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Parallel processing.
In: Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science, 2022-09-01, S. 2
Online
Nachschlagewerk
Zugriff:
In computing, parallel processing is the action of performing multiple operations or tasks simultaneously by two or more processing cores. Ideally, this arrangement reduces the overall run-time of a computer program because the workload is shared among a number of engines—central processing units (CPUs) or cores. In practice, it is often difficult to distribute the instructions of a program in such a way that each CPU core operates continuously and efficiently, and without interfering with other cores. It should be noted that parallel processing differs from multitasking, in which a single CPU core provides the effect of simultaneously executing instructions from several different programs by rapidly switching between them, or interleaving their instructions. Modern computers typically include multi-core processor chips with two or four cores. The most advanced supercomputers in the early twenty-first century may have thousands of multi-core CPU nodes organized as a cluster of single processor computers and connected using a special-purpose, high-speed, fiber communication network. Although it is also possible to perform parallel processing by connecting computers together using a local area network, or even across the Internet, this type of parallel processing requires the individual processing elements to work predominantly in isolation because of the comparatively slow communication between nodes. Parallel processing requires data to be shared among processors and thus leads to the concept of “shared memory” where multiple processing cores work with the same physical memory. In large computer clusters, the memory is usually distributed across the nodes, with each node storing its own part of the full problem. Data are exchanged between nodes using message-passing software, such as Message Passing Interface (MPI).
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Parallel processing.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Cantwell, Chris D. |
Zeitschrift: | Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science, 2022-09-01, S. 2 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2022 |
Medientyp: | Nachschlagewerk |
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