Detecting cognitive impairment in individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease: the "Clock-in-the-Box" screening test.
In: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Jg. 26 (2011-09-01), Heft 9, S. 969-975
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Zugriff:
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance on the Clock-in-the-Box (CIB), a screening measure for cognitive function, relative to neuropsychological testing in an older population with cardiovascular risk. Methods: A prospective cohort of older patients (>50 years) with cardiovascular risk was recruited to perform the CIB and complete a brief neuropsychological battery consisting of Trailmaking tests, the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), and fluency tasks. Performance on the CIB was scored according to standard criteria (range 0-8, 0-worst). The performance on the total CIB, working memory subscale (CIB-WM), and planning/organization (COB-PO) was compared to neuropsychological measures. Results: The cohort (n = 127) was older (age 67 ± 7 years) and diverse with 33% female (n = 42) and 42% non-white race (n = 53). Cardiac risk factors were prevalent: hypertension (83%), hyperlipidemia (74%), overweight (84%), diabetes (48%), prior cardiac disease (39%), and smoking (11%). The CIB (mean 6.5 ± 1.3) took 84 ± 21 s on average to complete and had good inter-rater reliability (κ = 0.809, p < 0.01). The CIB-WM subscale was significantly correlated with performance on Trailmaking B and HVLT learning, recall, and recognition. The CIB-PO subscale was significantly associated with semantic and phonemic fluency, Trailmaking B, and HVLT learning and recall. In regression modeling, CIB-WM significantly predicted performance on HVLT learning, recall, and retention. CIB-PO subscale predicted performance on Trailmaking B, HVLT learning, and HVLT recall. Conclusions: The CIB is a brief cognitive screening instrument with good reliability and predictive validity in a CV risk population. The CIB-WM and CIB-PO subscales could provide utility for clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Titel: |
Detecting cognitive impairment in individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease: the "Clock-in-the-Box" screening test.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Grande, LJ ; Rudolph, JL ; Milberg, WP ; Barber, CE ; McGlinchey, RE ; Grande, Laura J ; Rudolph, James L ; Milberg, William P ; Barber, Colleen E ; McGlinchey, Regina E |
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Zeitschrift: | International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Jg. 26 (2011-09-01), Heft 9, S. 969-975 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2011 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0885-6230 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1002/gps.2635 |
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