Hope, bias and survival expectations of advanced cancer patients: A cross-sectional study.
In: Psycho-Oncology, Jg. 30 (2021-05-01), Heft 5, S. 780-788
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academicJournal
Zugriff:
Objective: Many patients with advanced illness are unrealistically optimistic about their prognosis. We test for the presence of several cognitive biases, including optimism bias, illusion of superiority, self-deception, misattribution, and optimistic update bias, that could explain unrealistically optimistic prognostic beliefs among advanced cancer patients and quantifies the extent to which hope exacerbates these biases. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 200 advanced cancer patients with physician-estimated prognoses of one year or less. Hope was measured using the Herth Hope Index (HHI). Hypotheses were tested using linear and logistic regressions and a structural-equation model. Results: Results are consistent with the presence of optimism bias, illusion of superiority, self-deception, and misattribution. All of these biases are amplified by higher levels of hope. Each 1-point higher HHI is associated with a 6% (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11) greater odds of believing their illness is curable, a 0.33-year (95% CI: 0.17-0.49) longer expected survival, a 6% (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02-1.11) higher probability of believing that survival outcomes are better than the average patient, a 5% higher odds of believing primary intent of treatment is curative (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.10), and a 12% (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05-1.17) higher odds of believing they are well-informed. Mediation analyses revealed that hope significantly mediates the effect of mental-well-being and loneliness on expected survival. Conclusions: Results suggest advanced cancer patients succumb to several cognitive biases which are exacerbated by greater levels of hope. As a result, they are susceptible to possible over-treatment and regret. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Hope, bias and survival expectations of advanced cancer patients: A cross-sectional study.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Finkelstein, Eric A. ; Baid, Drishti ; Cheung, Yin Bun ; Schweitzer, Maurice E. ; Malhotra, Chetna ; Volpp, Kevin ; Kanesvaran, Ravindran ; Lee, Lai Heng ; Dent, Rebecca Alexandra ; Ng Chau Hsien, Matthew ; Bin Harunal Rashid, Mohamad Farid ; Somasundaram, Nagavali ; Chau Hsien, Matthew Ng ; Somasundaram, Nagavali D/O |
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Zeitschrift: | Psycho-Oncology, Jg. 30 (2021-05-01), Heft 5, S. 780-788 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2021 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1057-9249 (print) |
DOI: | 10.1002/pon.5675 |
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