日本占領期の内モンゴル西部における 医療衛生の近代化.

Modernization of medicine and sanitation in Japanese society began in the colonial era. After the Meiji Restoration, Japan became an imperialist power and acquired colonies in the surrounding Asian countries. In these colonies, Japan implemented medical and sanitation policies tailored to the local circumstances of medicine, sanitation, and society, and in so doing, introduced modern knowledge of medicine and sanitation to these regions. The Mongolian autonomy movement began in the western region of Inner Mongolia in the early 1930s. At almost the same time, Japan sent clinical teams from Zenrin Kyōkai, a semi-official Japanese organization, to the area to provide medical assistance and educational opportunities to the Mongols. Meanwhile, the Mongols in this region, influenced by modernization and modern thought forced upon them by Japanese colonialist forces, tried to spread modern medicine and sanitation by themselves with the aid of exotic scientific knowledge. By examining the social circumstances at the time as well as the development of modern medical and sanitation enterprises in Japanese colonies, this paper will clarify the process whereby medicine and sanitation were modernized in the western region of Inner Mongolia through the consideration of medical and sanitation policies implemented by the Mō-Kyō Government, the development of health and sanitation projects by the government’s Kōmō Committee, and the experiences of the Chyū-ō Medical School established by the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

伝統的な社会における医療衛生の近代化は植民地時代に開始された。明治維新後，帝国主義列強に 加わった日本は，周辺のアジア諸国において植民地を獲得し，現地の医事衛生と社会事情に合わせた医 療衛生政策を実施し，近代的医療衛生を持ち込んだ。内モンゴル西部地域においては，1930年代前半 から，モンゴル人の自治運動が起きたが，それとほぼ同時に，日本は財団法人善隣協会の診療班を当該 地域へ送り込み，近代的医療衛生体制を導入した。一方，日本の植民地主義勢力が強制した近代化と近 代思想の影響を受けたモンゴル人側は，みずからもすすんで近代的医療衛生を普及させようと試みて いた。本論文では，当時の社会事情と植民地における近代的医療衛生事業の展開を背景に，蒙疆政府の 医療衛生政策，モンゴル復興を目指した同政府興蒙委員会の医療衛生事業の展開，当該政府によって設 立された中央医学院の実態などの考察を通じて，内モンゴル西部地域における医療衛生の近代化過程 を明らかにする。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]